{"id":114412,"date":"2022-02-05T08:13:54","date_gmt":"2022-02-05T07:13:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/osmium-et-iridium-comparaison-proprietes\/"},"modified":"2022-03-22T13:28:30","modified_gmt":"2022-03-22T12:28:30","slug":"osmium-et-iridium-comparaison-proprietes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/osmium-et-iridium-comparaison-proprietes\/","title":{"rendered":"Osmium et Iridium – Comparaison – Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l’osmium et de l’iridium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Osmium contre Iridium.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"osmium<\/p>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer l'osmium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Iridium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Or<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer l'iridium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Rhodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Tungst\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Osmium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Platine<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Or<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Osmium et Iridium – \u00c0 propos des \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Osmium<\/h3>\n

L’osmium est un m\u00e9tal de transition dur, cassant, blanc bleu\u00e2tre du groupe du platine que l’on trouve sous forme d’oligo-\u00e9l\u00e9ment dans les alliages, principalement dans les minerais de platine.\u00a0L’osmium est l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment naturel le plus dense, avec une densit\u00e9 de 22,59 g\/cm3.\u00a0Mais sa densit\u00e9 est p\u00e2le par rapport aux densit\u00e9s d’objets astronomiques exotiques tels que les \u00e9toiles naines blanches et les \u00e9toiles \u00e0 neutrons.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Iridium<\/h3>\n

L’iridium est un m\u00e9tal de transition tr\u00e8s dur, cassant, blanc argent\u00e9 du groupe du platine, l’iridium est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement cr\u00e9dit\u00e9 d’\u00eatre le deuxi\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment le plus dense (apr\u00e8s l’osmium). C’est aussi le m\u00e9tal le plus r\u00e9sistant \u00e0 la corrosion, m\u00eame \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures aussi \u00e9lev\u00e9es que 2000\u00b0C.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\"Osmium<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

\"Iridium<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n

Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Osmium et Iridium – Applications<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

Osmium<\/a><\/h3>\n

En raison de sa raret\u00e9 et donc de son co\u00fbt, l’osmium n’a que peu d’utilisations industrielles.\u00a0Il est utilis\u00e9 pour produire des alliages tr\u00e8s durs pour les pointes de stylos plume, les pivots d’instruments, les aiguilles et les contacts \u00e9lectriques.\u00a0Il est \u00e9galement utilis\u00e9 dans l’industrie chimique comme catalyseur.\u00a0L’osmium m\u00e9tallique finement divis\u00e9 peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 comme catalyseur, par exemple dans le processus de formation d’ammoniac en combinant de l’hydrog\u00e8ne et de l’azote.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n

Iridium<\/a><\/h3>\n

L’iridium est principalement consomm\u00e9 par les industries automobile, \u00e9lectronique et chimique.\u00a0L’iridium m\u00e9tallique est utilis\u00e9 lorsqu’une r\u00e9sistance \u00e9lev\u00e9e \u00e0 la corrosion \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature est n\u00e9cessaire, comme dans les bougies d’allumage haute performance, les creusets pour la recristallisation des semi-conducteurs \u00e0 haute temp\u00e9rature et les \u00e9lectrodes pour la production de chlore dans le proc\u00e9d\u00e9 chloralcali.\u00a0La demande d’iridium est pass\u00e9e de 2,5 tonnes en 2009 \u00e0 10,4 tonnes en 2010, principalement en raison des applications li\u00e9es \u00e0 l’\u00e9lectronique qui ont vu une augmentation de 0,2 \u00e0 6 tonnes – les creusets en iridium sont couramment utilis\u00e9s pour la croissance de grands monocristaux de haute qualit\u00e9, dont la demande a fortement augment\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

Osmium et Iridium – Comparaison dans le tableau<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/td>\nOsmium<\/b><\/td>\nIridium<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Densit\u00e9<\/td>\n22,61 g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n22,65 g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/td>\n1000 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n2000 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limite d’\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Module de Young<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n528 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9chelle de Mohs<\/td>\n7<\/strong><\/td>\n6,25<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Brinell<\/td>\n3900 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n1670 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Vickers<\/td>\n4140 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n1760 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point de fusion<\/td>\n3045\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n2410\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point d’\u00e9bullition<\/td>\n5030\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n4130\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td>\n88 W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n150W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coefficient de dilatation thermique<\/td>\n5,1 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n6,4 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique<\/td>\n0,13 J\/g\u00b7K<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n0,13 J\/g\u00b7K<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp\u00e9rature de fusion<\/td>\n31,8 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n26,1 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur de vaporisation<\/td>\n746 kJ\/mole<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n604 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l’osmium et de l’iridium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Osmium contre Iridium. Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nOsmium et Iridium - Comparaison - Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s - Material Properties<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l'osmium et de l'iridium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique. 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