{"id":114523,"date":"2022-02-08T18:02:05","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T17:02:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/aluminium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes\/"},"modified":"2022-03-28T09:45:37","modified_gmt":"2022-03-28T08:45:37","slug":"aluminium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/aluminium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes\/","title":{"rendered":"Aluminium et Potassium – Comparaison – Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l’aluminium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Aluminium contre Potassium.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"magn\u00e9sium<\/p>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer l'aluminium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Lithium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"B\u00e9ryllium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Carbone<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fluor<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Sodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Cuivre<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Mercure<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Potassium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Silicium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Chlore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Titane<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fer<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Gallium<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer le potassium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Lithium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Sodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Aluminium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Phosphore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Soufre<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Calcium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fer<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Zinc<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Brome<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Aluminium et Potassium – \u00c0 propos des \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Aluminium<\/h3>\n

L’aluminium est un m\u00e9tal blanc argent\u00e9, doux, non magn\u00e9tique et ductile du groupe du bore.\u00a0En masse, l’aluminium repr\u00e9sente environ 8 % de la cro\u00fbte terrestre ;\u00a0c’est le troisi\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment le plus abondant apr\u00e8s l’oxyg\u00e8ne et le silicium et le m\u00e9tal le plus abondant dans la cro\u00fbte, bien qu’il soit moins courant dans le manteau ci-dessous.
\n<\/p><\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Potassium<\/h3>\n

Le potassium a d’abord \u00e9t\u00e9 isol\u00e9 de la potasse, les cendres des plantes, d’o\u00f9 son nom d\u00e9rive.\u00a0Dans le tableau p\u00e9riodique, le potassium fait partie des m\u00e9taux alcalins.\u00a0Tous les m\u00e9taux alcalins ont un seul \u00e9lectron de valence dans la couche \u00e9lectronique externe, qui est facilement \u00e9limin\u00e9 pour cr\u00e9er un ion avec une charge positive – un cation, qui se combine avec des anions pour former des sels.\u00a0Le potassium naturel est compos\u00e9 de trois isotopes, dont 40K est radioactif.\u00a0Des traces de 40K se trouvent dans tout le potassium, et c’est le radio-isotope le plus courant dans le corps humain.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\"Aluminium<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

\"Potassium<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n

Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Aluminium et Potassium – Applications<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

Aluminium<\/a><\/h3>\n

L’aluminium et ses alliages sont largement utilis\u00e9s dans les applications a\u00e9rospatiales, automobiles, architecturales, lithographiques, d’emballage, \u00e9lectriques et \u00e9lectroniques.\u00a0C’est le principal mat\u00e9riau de construction de l’industrie a\u00e9ronautique tout au long de son histoire.\u00a0Environ 70% des cellules des avions civils commerciaux sont fabriqu\u00e9es \u00e0 partir d’alliages d’aluminium, et sans aluminium, l’aviation civile ne serait pas \u00e9conomiquement viable.\u00a0L’industrie automobile utilise d\u00e9sormais l’aluminium comme pi\u00e8ces moul\u00e9es de moteur, roues, radiateurs et de plus en plus comme pi\u00e8ces de carrosserie.\u00a0L’aluminium 6111 et l’alliage d’aluminium 2008 sont largement utilis\u00e9s pour les panneaux ext\u00e9rieurs de carrosserie automobile.\u00a0Les blocs-cylindres et les carters sont souvent coul\u00e9s en alliages d’aluminium.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n

Potassium<\/a><\/h3>\n

Le potassium (K) est un nutriment essentiel \u00e0 la croissance des plantes.\u00a0Il est class\u00e9 comme macronutriment car les plantes absorbent de grandes quantit\u00e9s de K au cours de leur cycle de vie.\u00a0Les engrais agricoles consomment 95 % de la production chimique mondiale de potassium, et environ 90 % de ce potassium est fourni sous forme de KCl.\u00a0En raison de son haut degr\u00e9 de r\u00e9activit\u00e9, le potassium pur est rarement utilis\u00e9 sous sa forme \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire\/m\u00e9tallique.\u00a0Il est utilis\u00e9 comme puissant agent r\u00e9ducteur en chimie organique.\u00a0Les alliages Potassium\/Sodium sont utilis\u00e9s comme \u00e9changeur de chaleur.\u00a0La chaleur du potassium r\u00e9chauffe l’eau et la rend suffisamment chaude pour bouillir.\u00a0Ensuite, l’eau est transform\u00e9e en vapeur, qui est utilis\u00e9e pour faire fonctionner des appareils qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

Aluminium et Potassium – Comparaison dans le tableau<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/td>\nAluminium<\/b><\/td>\nPotassium<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Densit\u00e9<\/td>\n2,7 g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n0,856g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/td>\n90 MPa (pur), 600 MPa (alliages)<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limite d’\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td>\n11 MPa (pur), 400 MPa (alliages)<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Module de Young<\/td>\n70 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n3,53 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9chelle de Mohs<\/td>\n2,8<\/strong><\/td>\n0,4<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Brinell<\/td>\n240 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n0,36 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Vickers<\/td>\n167 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point de fusion<\/td>\n660\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n63,25\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point d’\u00e9bullition<\/td>\n2467\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n760\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td>\n237 W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n102,4 W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coefficient de dilatation thermique<\/td>\n23,1 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n83 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique<\/td>\n0,9 J\/g\u00b7K<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n0,75 J\/g\u00b7K<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp\u00e9rature de fusion<\/td>\n10,79 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n2,334 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur de vaporisation<\/td>\n293,4 kJ\/mole<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n79,87 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l’aluminium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Aluminium contre Potassium. Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nAluminium et Potassium - Comparaison - Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s - Material Properties<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques de l'aluminium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique. 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