{"id":114538,"date":"2022-02-08T23:54:21","date_gmt":"2022-02-08T22:54:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/sodium-et-calcium-comparaison-proprietes\/"},"modified":"2022-03-28T10:00:45","modified_gmt":"2022-03-28T09:00:45","slug":"sodium-et-calcium-comparaison-proprietes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/sodium-et-calcium-comparaison-proprietes\/","title":{"rendered":"Sodium et Calcium – Comparaison – Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du sodium et du calcium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Sodium contre Calcium.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"sodium<\/p>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer le sodium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Lithium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Calcium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Potassium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Chlore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Aluminium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Silicium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Soufre<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer le calcium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Lithium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fluor<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Sodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Phosphore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Soufre<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Chlore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Potassium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fer<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Sodium et Calcium – \u00c0 propos des \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Sodium<\/h3>\n

Le sodium est un m\u00e9tal mou, blanc argent\u00e9 et hautement r\u00e9actif.\u00a0Le sodium est un m\u00e9tal alcalin, appartenant au groupe 1 du tableau p\u00e9riodique, car il poss\u00e8de un seul \u00e9lectron dans sa coque externe qu’il donne facilement, cr\u00e9ant un atome charg\u00e9 positivement, le cation Na+.
\n<\/p><\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Calcium<\/h3>\n

Le calcium est un m\u00e9tal alcalino-terreux, c’est un m\u00e9tal jaune p\u00e2le r\u00e9actif qui forme une couche d’oxyde-nitrure sombre lorsqu’il est expos\u00e9 \u00e0 l’air.\u00a0Ses propri\u00e9t\u00e9s physiques et chimiques sont les plus similaires \u00e0 celles de ses homologues plus lourds, le strontium et le baryum.\u00a0C’est le cinqui\u00e8me \u00e9l\u00e9ment le plus abondant de la cro\u00fbte terrestre et le troisi\u00e8me m\u00e9tal le plus abondant, apr\u00e8s le fer et l’aluminium.<\/p>\n<\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\"Sodium<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

\"Calcium<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n

Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Sodium et Calcium – Applications<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

Sodium<\/a><\/h3>\n

Le sodium m\u00e9tallique est principalement utilis\u00e9 pour la production de borohydrure de sodium, d’azoture de sodium, d’indigo et de triph\u00e9nylphosphine.\u00a0Une utilisation autrefois courante \u00e9tait la fabrication de t\u00e9tra\u00e9thylplomb et de titane m\u00e9tallique;\u00a0en raison de l’abandon du TEL et des nouvelles m\u00e9thodes de production de titane.\u00a0Un courant \u00e9lectrique et de la vapeur de sodium se combinent pour former une lueur jaun\u00e2tre.\u00a0Ce principe est utilis\u00e9 pour la fabrication des lampes \u00e0 vapeur de sodium.\u00a0Le sodium est parfois utilis\u00e9 comme agent d’\u00e9change de chaleur dans les centrales nucl\u00e9aires.\u00a0Le sodium liquide est scell\u00e9 dans des tuyaux entourant le c\u0153ur du r\u00e9acteur.\u00a0La chaleur g\u00e9n\u00e9r\u00e9e est absorb\u00e9e par le sodium et forc\u00e9e \u00e0 travers les tuyaux dans un \u00e9changeur de chaleur qui peut \u00eatre utilis\u00e9 pour g\u00e9n\u00e9rer de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n

Calcium<\/a><\/h3>\n

La plus grande utilisation de calcium m\u00e9tallique est dans la sid\u00e9rurgie, en raison de sa forte affinit\u00e9 chimique pour l’oxyg\u00e8ne et le soufre.\u00a0Ses oxydes et sulfures, une fois form\u00e9s, donnent des inclusions d’aluminate de chaux liquide et de sulfure dans l’acier qui flottent.\u00a0Les compos\u00e9s de calcium sont utilis\u00e9s dans la fabrication d’insecticides, de peintures, de craie \u00e0 tableau noir, de textiles et de feux d’artifice.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

Sodium et Calcium – Comparaison dans le tableau<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/td>\nSodium<\/b><\/td>\nCalcium<\/b><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Densit\u00e9<\/td>\n0,968g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n1,55 g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n110 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limite d’\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Module de Young<\/td>\n10 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n20 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9chelle de Mohs<\/td>\n0,4<\/strong><\/td>\n1,5<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Brinell<\/td>\n0,69 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n170 \u2013 400 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Vickers<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point de fusion<\/td>\n97,8\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n842\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point d’\u00e9bullition<\/td>\n883\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n1484\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td>\n141W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n200W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coefficient de dilatation thermique<\/td>\n71 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n22,3 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique<\/td>\n1,23 J\/g\u00b7K<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n0,63 J\/g\u00b7K<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp\u00e9rature de fusion<\/td>\n2,598 kJ\/mol<\/strong><\/td>\n8,54 kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur de vaporisation<\/td>\n96,96 kJ\/mole<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n153,3\u00a0kJ\/mole<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du sodium et du calcium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Sodium contre Calcium. Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nSodium et Calcium - Comparaison - Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s - Material Properties<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du sodium et du calcium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique. Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments. 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