{"id":115479,"date":"2022-04-24T19:21:53","date_gmt":"2022-04-24T18:21:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/lithium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes\/"},"modified":"2022-04-25T10:25:27","modified_gmt":"2022-04-25T09:25:27","slug":"lithium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/lithium-et-potassium-comparaison-proprietes\/","title":{"rendered":"Lithium et Potassium – Comparaison – Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s"},"content":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du lithium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Lithium contre Potassium.<\/em><\/p>\n

\"lithium<\/p>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer le lithium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Hydrog\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Aluminium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Azote<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Sodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Calcium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Silicium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Cadmium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Cobalt<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Phosphore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Potassium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Soufre<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
<\/span>Comparer le potassium avec un autre \u00e9l\u00e9ment<\/div>
\n
<\/div>\n

\"Lithium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Oxyg\u00e8ne<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Sodium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Magn\u00e9sium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Aluminium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Phosphore<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Soufre<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Calcium<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Fer<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Zinc<\/a><\/p>\n

\"Brome<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Lithium et Potassium – \u00c0 propos des \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Lithium<\/h3>\n

C’est un m\u00e9tal alcalin doux et blanc argent\u00e9.\u00a0Dans des conditions standard, c’est le m\u00e9tal le plus l\u00e9ger et l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment solide le plus l\u00e9ger.\u00a0Comme tous les m\u00e9taux alcalins, le lithium est hautement r\u00e9actif et inflammable et est stock\u00e9 dans de l’huile min\u00e9rale.
\n<\/p><\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\"\"<\/div>
\n

Potassium<\/h3>\n

Le potassium a d’abord \u00e9t\u00e9 isol\u00e9 de la potasse, les cendres des plantes, d’o\u00f9 son nom d\u00e9rive.\u00a0Dans le tableau p\u00e9riodique, le potassium fait partie des m\u00e9taux alcalins.\u00a0Tous les m\u00e9taux alcalins ont un seul \u00e9lectron de valence dans la couche \u00e9lectronique externe, qui est facilement \u00e9limin\u00e9 pour cr\u00e9er un ion avec une charge positive – un cation, qui se combine avec des anions pour former des sels.\u00a0Le potassium naturel est compos\u00e9 de trois isotopes, dont 40K est radioactif.\u00a0Des traces de 40K se trouvent dans tout le potassium, et c’est le radio-isotope le plus courant dans le corps humain.
\n<\/p><\/div>

<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
<\/div>\n
\n

\"Lithium<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

\"Potassium<\/p>\n

<\/p><\/div><\/div>\n

Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n

<\/div>\n
\n

Lithium et Potassium – Applications<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n
\n
\n

Lithium<\/a><\/h3>\n

Le lithium a de nombreuses applications, de la graisse lubrifiante, aux ajouts d’alliages notamment pour les alliages d’aluminium et de magn\u00e9sium, aux \u00e9maux pour c\u00e9ramiques, et enfin, les batteries au lithium.\u00a0En particulier, le lithium joue et continuera de jouer un r\u00f4le de plus en plus important dans l’avenir de l’air pur aliment\u00e9 par batterie.\u00a0Les batteries au lithium sont largement utilis\u00e9es dans les appareils \u00e9lectroniques grand public portables et dans les v\u00e9hicules \u00e9lectriques allant des v\u00e9hicules de grande taille aux jouets radiocommand\u00e9s.\u00a0Le terme \u00ab\u00a0batterie au lithium\u00a0\u00bb fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 une famille de diff\u00e9rentes chimies lithium-m\u00e9tal, comprenant de nombreux types de cathodes et d’\u00e9lectrolytes, mais tous avec du lithium m\u00e9tallique comme anode.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n
\n
\n

Potassium<\/a><\/h3>\n

Le potassium (K) est un nutriment essentiel \u00e0 la croissance des plantes.\u00a0Il est class\u00e9 comme macronutriment car les plantes absorbent de grandes quantit\u00e9s de K au cours de leur cycle de vie.\u00a0Les engrais agricoles consomment 95 % de la production chimique mondiale de potassium, et environ 90 % de ce potassium est fourni sous forme de KCl.\u00a0En raison de son haut degr\u00e9 de r\u00e9activit\u00e9, le potassium pur est rarement utilis\u00e9 sous sa forme \u00e9l\u00e9mentaire\/m\u00e9tallique.\u00a0Il est utilis\u00e9 comme puissant agent r\u00e9ducteur en chimie organique.\u00a0Les alliages Potassium\/Sodium sont utilis\u00e9s comme \u00e9changeur de chaleur.\u00a0La chaleur du potassium r\u00e9chauffe l’eau et la rend suffisamment chaude pour bouillir.\u00a0Ensuite, l’eau est transform\u00e9e en vapeur, qui est utilis\u00e9e pour faire fonctionner des appareils qui g\u00e9n\u00e8rent de l’\u00e9lectricit\u00e9.<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div>\n

\n

Lithium et Potassium – Comparaison dans le tableau<\/h2>\n<\/div><\/div>\n
\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
\u00c9l\u00e9ment<\/td>\nLithium<\/strong><\/td>\nPotassium<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Densit\u00e9<\/td>\n0,535g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n0,856g\/cm3<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/td>\n1,5 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Limite d’\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Module de Young<\/td>\n4,9 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n3,53 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
\u00c9chelle de Mohs<\/td>\n0,6<\/strong><\/td>\n0,4<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Brinell<\/td>\n5 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n0,36 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Duret\u00e9 Vickers<\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\nN \/ A<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point de fusion<\/td>\n180,5\u00a0\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n63,25 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Point d’\u00e9bullition<\/td>\n1342 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n760 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/td>\n85W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n102,4 W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Coefficient de dilatation thermique<\/td>\n46 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n83 \u00b5m\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur sp\u00e9cifique<\/td>\n3,6 J\/g\u00b7K<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n0,75 J\/g\u00b7K<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Temp\u00e9rature de fusion<\/td>\n3 kJ\/mol<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n2,334 kJ\/mol<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
Chaleur de vaporisation<\/td>\n145,92 kJ\/mol<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n79,87 kJ\/mol<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du lithium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique.\u00a0Il contient \u00e9galement des descriptions de base et des applications des deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments.\u00a0Lithium contre Potassium. Source : www.luciteria.com<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nLithium et Potassium - Comparaison - Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s - Material Properties<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Cet article contient une comparaison des principales propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques et atomiques du lithium et du potassium, deux \u00e9l\u00e9ments chimiques comparables du tableau p\u00e9riodique. 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