{"id":116221,"date":"2022-05-11T07:57:02","date_gmt":"2022-05-11T06:57:02","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/quest-ce-que-lalliage-daluminium-alliage-6061-definition\/"},"modified":"2022-05-17T12:50:58","modified_gmt":"2022-05-17T11:50:58","slug":"quest-ce-que-lalliage-daluminium-alliage-6061-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-lalliage-daluminium-alliage-6061-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; Alliage 6061 &#8211; D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span><div class=\"su-quote su-quote-style-default\"><div class=\"su-quote-inner su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">L&rsquo;alliage 6061 est l&rsquo;un des alliages les plus utilis\u00e9s de la s\u00e9rie 6000.\u00a0Il a de bonnes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques, il est facile \u00e0 usiner, il est soudable et peut \u00eatre durci par pr\u00e9cipitation.\u00a0Alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; Alliage 6061<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/aluminium-alloys-6061-min.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-29435\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/aluminium-alloys-6061-min-300x300.png\" alt=\"alliages d'aluminium\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><span>Les alliages d&rsquo;aluminium<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sont \u00e0 base d&rsquo;aluminium, dont les principaux \u00e9l\u00e9ments d&rsquo;alliage sont Cu, Mn, Si, Mg, Mg+Si, Zn.\u00a0Les compositions d&rsquo;alliages d&rsquo;aluminium sont enregistr\u00e9es aupr\u00e8s de l&rsquo;Aluminum Association.\u00a0Les alliages d&rsquo;aluminium sont r\u00e9partis en 9 familles (Al1xxx \u00e0 Al9xxx).\u00a0Les diff\u00e9rentes familles d&rsquo;alliages et les principaux \u00e9l\u00e9ments d&rsquo;alliage sont:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span>1xxx : aucun \u00e9l\u00e9ment d&rsquo;alliage<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>2xxx: Cuivre<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>3xxx: Mangan\u00e8se<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>4xxx: Silicium<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>5xxx: Magn\u00e9sium<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>6xxx: magn\u00e9sium et silicium<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>7xxx: zinc, magn\u00e9sium et cuivre<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span>8xxx: autres \u00e9l\u00e9ments qui ne sont pas couverts par d&rsquo;autres s\u00e9ries<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span>Il existe \u00e9galement deux classifications principales, \u00e0 savoir les alliages de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>fonderie<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0et les alliages\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>corroy\u00e9s<\/span><\/strong><span>, qui sont tous deux subdivis\u00e9s en cat\u00e9gories pouvant \u00eatre trait\u00e9es thermiquement et non trait\u00e9es thermiquement.\u00a0Les alliages d&rsquo;aluminium contenant des \u00e9l\u00e9ments d&rsquo;alliage \u00e0 solubilit\u00e9 solide limit\u00e9e \u00e0 temp\u00e9rature ambiante et avec une forte d\u00e9pendance \u00e0 la temp\u00e9rature de la solubilit\u00e9 solide (par exemple Cu) peuvent \u00eatre renforc\u00e9s par un traitement thermique appropri\u00e9 (<\/span><strong><span>durcissement par pr\u00e9cipitation<\/span><\/strong><span>).\u00a0La r\u00e9sistance des alliages d&rsquo;Al commerciaux trait\u00e9s thermiquement d\u00e9passe 550 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Exemple \u2013 Alliages d&rsquo;aluminium \u2013 Alliage 6061<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/aluminium-alloy-min.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-29427\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/aluminium-alloy-min.png\" alt=\"alliage d'aluminium\" width=\"456\" height=\"406\" \/><\/a><span>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>les alliages d&rsquo;aluminium de la s\u00e9rie 6000<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0sont alli\u00e9s au magn\u00e9sium et au silicium.\u00a0L&rsquo;alliage 6061 est l&rsquo;un des alliages les plus utilis\u00e9s de la s\u00e9rie 6000.\u00a0Il a de bonnes propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques, il est facile \u00e0 usiner, il est soudable et peut \u00eatre durci par pr\u00e9cipitation, mais pas aux r\u00e9sistances \u00e9lev\u00e9es que 2000 et 7000 peuvent atteindre.\u00a0Il a une tr\u00e8s bonne r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la corrosion et une tr\u00e8s bonne soudabilit\u00e9 bien qu&rsquo;une r\u00e9sistance r\u00e9duite dans la zone de soudure.\u00a0Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s m\u00e9caniques du 6061 d\u00e9pendent fortement de la trempe ou du traitement thermique du mat\u00e9riau.\u00a0Par rapport \u00e0 l&rsquo;alliage 2024, le 6061 est plus facile \u00e0 travailler et reste r\u00e9sistant \u00e0 la corrosion m\u00eame lorsque la surface est abras\u00e9e.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Cet alliage structurel standard, l&rsquo;un des plus polyvalents des alliages pouvant \u00eatre trait\u00e9s thermiquement, est populaire pour les exigences de r\u00e9sistance moyenne \u00e0 \u00e9lev\u00e9e et poss\u00e8de de bonnes caract\u00e9ristiques de t\u00e9nacit\u00e9.\u00a0Les applications vont des composants d&rsquo;avions (structures d&rsquo;avions, telles que les ailes et les fuselages) aux pi\u00e8ces automobiles telles que le ch\u00e2ssis de l&rsquo;Audi A8.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Le 6061-T6<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est largement utilis\u00e9 pour les cadres et composants de v\u00e9lo.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/6061-alloy-properties-density-strength-price-3.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108209\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/6061-alloy-properties-density-strength-price-3.png\" alt=\"alliage 6061 propri\u00e9t\u00e9s densit\u00e9 r\u00e9sistance prix\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>R\u00e9sum\u00e9<\/span><\/h3>\n<table class=\"a\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"b\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Nom<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Alliage 6061<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Phase \u00e0 STP<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>N\/A<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Densit\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>2700 kg\/m3<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>290 MPa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>240 MPa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Module de Young<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>69 GPa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Duret\u00e9 Brinell<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>105 BHN<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Point de fusion<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>600\u00a0\u00b0C<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>150 W\/mK<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Capacit\u00e9 thermique<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"text-align: start;\"><span>896 J\/gK<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Prix<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>6\u00a0$\/kg<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/composition-aluminium-alloy-6061.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-29449\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/07\/composition-aluminium-alloy-6061.png\" alt=\"alliage d'aluminium - 6061\" width=\"929\" height=\"98\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\"><span>97,7 %<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Aluminium-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-92249\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Aluminium-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Aluminium dans le tableau p\u00e9riodique\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\"><span>1%<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Magnesium-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-92399\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Magnesium-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Magn\u00e9sium dans le tableau p\u00e9riodique\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\"><span>0,6 %<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Silicon-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-92484\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Silicon-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Silicium dans le tableau p\u00e9riodique\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\"> <\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>R\u00e9sistance de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>En m\u00e9canique des mat\u00e9riaux, la\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-strength-definition\/\"><strong><span>r\u00e9sistance d&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 supporter une charge appliqu\u00e9e sans rupture ni d\u00e9formation plastique.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>La r\u00e9sistance des mat\u00e9riaux<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0consid\u00e8re essentiellement la relation entre les\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>charges externes<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0appliqu\u00e9es \u00e0 un mat\u00e9riau et la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>d\u00e9formation<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou la modification des dimensions du mat\u00e9riau qui en r\u00e9sulte.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>La r\u00e9sistance d&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 supporter cette charge appliqu\u00e9e sans d\u00e9faillance ni d\u00e9formation plastique.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>La r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 d\u00e9pend fortement de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat du mat\u00e9riau, mais pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tat T6, elle est d&rsquo;environ 290 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yield-Strength-Ultimate-Tensile-Strength-Table-of-Materials.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-27807\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Yield-Strength-Ultimate-Tensile-Strength-Table-of-Materials-239x300.png\" alt=\"Limite d'\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 - R\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime - Tableau des mat\u00e9riaux\" width=\"239\" height=\"300\" \/><\/a><span>La\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/strength\/stress-strain-curve-stress-strain-diagram\/ultimate-tensile-strength-uts\/\"><strong><span>r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0est le maximum sur la\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-stress-strain-curve-stress-strain-diagram-definition\/\"><span>courbe technique de contrainte-d\u00e9formation<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0Cela correspond \u00e0 la\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>contrainte maximale <\/span><\/strong><span>qui peut \u00eatre soutenu par une structure en tension.\u00a0La r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction ultime est souvent abr\u00e9g\u00e9e en \u00ab\u00a0r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 la traction\u00a0\u00bb ou m\u00eame en \u00ab\u00a0l&rsquo;ultime\u00a0\u00bb.\u00a0Si cette contrainte est appliqu\u00e9e et maintenue, une fracture en r\u00e9sultera.\u00a0Souvent, cette valeur est nettement sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 (jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 50 \u00e0 60 % de plus que le rendement pour certains types de m\u00e9taux).\u00a0Lorsqu&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau ductile atteint sa r\u00e9sistance ultime, il subit une striction o\u00f9 la section transversale se r\u00e9duit localement.\u00a0La courbe contrainte-d\u00e9formation ne contient pas de contrainte sup\u00e9rieure \u00e0 la r\u00e9sistance ultime.\u00a0M\u00eame si les d\u00e9formations peuvent continuer \u00e0 augmenter, la contrainte diminue g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement apr\u00e8s que la r\u00e9sistance ultime a \u00e9t\u00e9 atteinte.\u00a0C&rsquo;est une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 intensive;\u00a0sa valeur ne d\u00e9pend donc pas de la taille de l&rsquo;\u00e9prouvette.\u00a0Cependant, cela d\u00e9pend d&rsquo;autres facteurs, tels que la pr\u00e9paration de l&rsquo;\u00e9chantillon, <\/span><strong><span>temp\u00e9rature<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0de l&rsquo;environnement et du mat\u00e9riau d&rsquo;essai.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Les r\u00e9sistances ultimes \u00e0 la traction<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0varient de 50 MPa pour un aluminium jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 3000 MPa pour les aciers \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haute r\u00e9sistance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>La limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 d\u00e9pend fortement de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat du mat\u00e9riau, mais pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tat T6, elle est d&rsquo;environ 240 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La limite d&rsquo;\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/strength\/stress-strain-curve-stress-strain-diagram\/yield-strength-yield-point\/\"><strong><span>\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0est le point sur une\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-stress-strain-curve-stress-strain-diagram-definition\/\"><span>courbe contrainte-d\u00e9formation<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0qui indique la limite du comportement \u00e9lastique et le d\u00e9but du comportement plastique.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 <\/span><\/strong><span>ou la limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 est la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 du mat\u00e9riau d\u00e9finie comme la contrainte \u00e0 laquelle un mat\u00e9riau commence \u00e0 se d\u00e9former plastiquement, tandis que la limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 est le point o\u00f9 la d\u00e9formation non lin\u00e9aire (\u00e9lastique + plastique) commence.\u00a0Avant la limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9, le mat\u00e9riau se d\u00e9forme \u00e9lastiquement et reprend sa forme d&rsquo;origine lorsque la contrainte appliqu\u00e9e est supprim\u00e9e.\u00a0Une fois la limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 d\u00e9pass\u00e9e, une partie de la d\u00e9formation sera permanente et irr\u00e9versible.\u00a0Certains aciers et autres mat\u00e9riaux pr\u00e9sentent un comportement appel\u00e9 ph\u00e9nom\u00e8ne de limite d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9.\u00a0Les limites d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 varient de 35 MPa pour un aluminium \u00e0 faible r\u00e9sistance \u00e0 plus de 1400 MPa pour les aciers \u00e0 tr\u00e8s haute r\u00e9sistance.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Module de Young<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Le module d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 de Young de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 est d&rsquo;environ 69 GPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Le\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/strength\/hookes-law\/youngs-modulus-of-elasticity\/\"><span>module de Young est le module d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0pour les contraintes de traction et de compression dans le r\u00e9gime d&rsquo;\u00e9lasticit\u00e9 lin\u00e9aire d&rsquo;une d\u00e9formation uniaxiale et est g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e9valu\u00e9 par des essais de traction.\u00a0Jusqu&rsquo;\u00e0 une contrainte limite, une caisse pourra retrouver ses dimensions au retrait de la charge.\u00a0Les contraintes appliqu\u00e9es font que les atomes d&rsquo;un cristal se d\u00e9placent de leur position d&rsquo;\u00e9quilibre.\u00a0Tous les\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-power\/reactor-physics\/atomic-nuclear-physics\/atom-properties-of-atoms\/\"><span>atomes<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0sont d\u00e9plac\u00e9s de la m\u00eame quantit\u00e9 et conservent toujours leur g\u00e9om\u00e9trie relative.\u00a0Lorsque les contraintes sont supprim\u00e9es, tous les atomes reviennent \u00e0 leur position d&rsquo;origine et aucune d\u00e9formation permanente ne se produit.\u00a0Selon la\u00a0<\/span><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-hookes-law-definition\/\"><span>loi de Hooke<\/span><\/a><span>,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0la contrainte est proportionnelle \u00e0 la d\u00e9formation (dans la r\u00e9gion \u00e9lastique), et la pente est\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>le module de Young<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0Le module de Young est \u00e9gal \u00e0 la contrainte longitudinale divis\u00e9e par la d\u00e9formation.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hookes-law-equation.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-27811\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Hookes-law-equation.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"320\" height=\"164\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span>Duret\u00e9 de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>La duret\u00e9 Brinell de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 d\u00e9pend fortement de l&rsquo;\u00e9tat du mat\u00e9riau, mais pour l&rsquo;\u00e9tat T6, elle est d&rsquo;environ 95 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/table-brinell-hardness-numbers.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-full wp-image-28044\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/table-brinell-hardness-numbers.png\" alt=\"Num\u00e9ro de duret\u00e9 Brinell\" width=\"288\" height=\"297\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Le test de duret\u00e9 Rockwell<\/span><\/strong><span> est l&rsquo;un des tests de duret\u00e9 par indentation les plus courants, qui a \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9velopp\u00e9 pour les tests de duret\u00e9.\u00a0Contrairement au test Brinell, le testeur Rockwell mesure la profondeur de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration d&rsquo;un p\u00e9n\u00e9trateur sous une charge importante (charge majeure) par rapport \u00e0 la p\u00e9n\u00e9tration faite par une pr\u00e9charge (charge mineure).\u00a0La charge mineure \u00e9tablit la position z\u00e9ro.\u00a0La charge majeure est appliqu\u00e9e, puis retir\u00e9e tout en maintenant la charge mineure.\u00a0La diff\u00e9rence entre la profondeur de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration avant et apr\u00e8s l&rsquo;application de la charge principale est utilis\u00e9e pour calculer le <\/span><strong><span>nombre de duret\u00e9 Rockwell<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0C&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire que la profondeur de p\u00e9n\u00e9tration et la duret\u00e9 sont inversement proportionnelles.\u00a0Le principal avantage de la duret\u00e9 Rockwell est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 <\/span><strong><span>afficher directement les valeurs de duret\u00e9<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0Le r\u00e9sultat est un nombre sans dimension not\u00e9 <\/span><strong><span>HRA, HRB, HRC<\/span><\/strong><span>, etc., o\u00f9 la derni\u00e8re lettre est l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle Rockwell respective.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Le test Rockwell C est r\u00e9alis\u00e9 avec un p\u00e9n\u00e9trateur Brale (<\/span><strong><span>c\u00f4ne diamant 120\u00b0<\/span><\/strong><span>) et une charge majeure de 150kg.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><strong><span>Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques<\/span><\/strong><span> des mat\u00e9riaux font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9ponse des mat\u00e9riaux aux changements de leur <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/<a href=\"https:\/\/modern-physics.org\/thermodynamics\/\">thermodynamics<\/a>\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/\u00a0\u00bb><span>temp\u00e9rature<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0et \u00e0 l&rsquo;application de\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/heat-transfer\/introduction-to-heat-transfer\/heat-in-physics-definition-of-heat\/\"><span>chaleur<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0Lorsqu&rsquo;un solide absorbe de\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/<a href=\"https:\/\/modern-physics.org\/thermodynamics\/\">thermodynamics<\/a>\/what-is-energy-physics\/\u00a0\u00bb><span>l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0sous forme de chaleur, sa temp\u00e9rature augmente et ses dimensions augmentent.\u00a0Mais\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux r\u00e9agissent diff\u00e9remment\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>\u00e0<\/span><\/strong><span> l&rsquo;application de chaleur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/thermal-properties-of-materials\/specific-heat-capacity-of-materials\/\"><span>La capacit\u00e9 calorifique<\/span><\/a><span>,\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/thermal-properties-of-materials\/coefficient-of-thermal-expansion-of-materials\/\"><span>la dilatation<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0thermique et\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\"><span>la conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0sont des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s qui sont souvent critiques dans l&rsquo;utilisation pratique des solides.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Point de fusion de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Le point de fusion de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 est d&rsquo;environ 600 \u00b0C.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, la <\/span><strong><span>fusion<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0est un\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>changement de phase<\/span><\/strong><span> d&rsquo;une substance de la phase solide \u00e0 la phase liquide.\u00a0Le <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/melting-point-of-chemical-elements\/\"><strong><span>point de fusion<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span> d&rsquo;une substance est la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 laquelle ce changement de phase se produit.\u00a0Le <\/span><strong><span>point de fusion<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0d\u00e9finit \u00e9galement une condition dans laquelle le solide et le liquide peuvent exister en \u00e9quilibre.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Conductivit\u00e9 thermique de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>La conductivit\u00e9 thermique de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium 6061 est de 150 W\/(mK).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Les caract\u00e9ristiques de transfert de chaleur d&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau solide sont mesur\u00e9es par une propri\u00e9t\u00e9 appel\u00e9e la <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\"><strong><span>conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>, k (ou \u03bb), mesur\u00e9e en\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\/mK<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0C&rsquo;est une mesure de la capacit\u00e9 d&rsquo;une substance \u00e0 transf\u00e9rer de la chaleur \u00e0 travers un mat\u00e9riau par <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conduction-heat-conduction-definition\/\"><span>conduction<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0Notez que <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-fouriers-law-of-thermal-conduction-definition\/\"><strong><span>la loi de Fourier<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span> s&rsquo;applique \u00e0 toute mati\u00e8re, quel que soit son \u00e9tat (solide, liquide ou gazeux), par cons\u00e9quent, elle est \u00e9galement d\u00e9finie pour les liquides et les gaz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>La <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\"><strong><span>conductivit\u00e9 thermique<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0de la plupart des liquides et des solides varie avec la temp\u00e9rature.\u00a0Pour les vapeurs, cela d\u00e9pend aussi de la pression.\u00a0En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-20041\" src=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/10\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\" alt=\"conductivit\u00e9 thermique - d\u00e9finition\" width=\"225\" height=\"75\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>La plupart des mat\u00e9riaux sont presque homog\u00e8nes, nous pouvons donc g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement \u00e9crire <\/span><strong><span>k = k (T)<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0Des d\u00e9finitions similaires sont associ\u00e9es aux conductivit\u00e9s thermiques dans les directions y et z (ky, kz), mais pour un mat\u00e9riau isotrope, la conductivit\u00e9 thermique est ind\u00e9pendante de la direction de transfert, kx = ky = kz = k.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>[\/lgc_column]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-100 lgc-tablet-grid-100 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><span><div class=\"su-accordion su-u-trim\"><div class=\"su-spoiler su-spoiler-style-default su-spoiler-icon-plus\" data-scroll-offset=\"0\" data-anchor-in-url=\"no\"><div class=\"su-spoiler-title\" tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"><span class=\"su-spoiler-icon\"><\/span>R\u00e9f\u00e9rences :<\/div><div class=\"su-spoiler-content su-u-clearfix su-u-trim\">Science des mat\u00e9riaux:<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>D\u00e9partement am\u00e9ricain de l&rsquo;\u00e9nergie, science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 and 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>US Department of Energy, Material Science.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 2 et 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>William D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch.\u00a0Science et g\u00e9nie des mat\u00e9riaux : une introduction 9e \u00e9dition, Wiley ;\u00a09 \u00e9dition (4 d\u00e9cembre 2013), ISBN-13\u00a0: 978-1118324578.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>En ligneEberhart, Mark (2003).\u00a0Pourquoi les choses se cassent\u00a0: Comprendre le monde par la mani\u00e8re dont il se d\u00e9compose.\u00a0Harmonie.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-4000-4760-4.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Gaskell, David R. (1995).\u00a0Introduction \u00e0 la thermodynamique des mat\u00e9riaux (4e \u00e9d.).\u00a0\u00c9ditions Taylor et Francis.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-56032-992-3.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Gonz\u00e1lez-Vi\u00f1as, W. &amp; Mancini, HL (2004).\u00a0Une introduction \u00e0 la science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0Presse universitaire de Princeton.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-691-07097-1.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>Ashby, Michael;\u00a0Hugh Shercliff;\u00a0David Cebon (2007).\u00a0Mat\u00e9riaux: ing\u00e9nierie, science, traitement et conception (1\u00e8re \u00e9d.).\u00a0Butterworth-Heinemann.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-7506-8391-3.<\/span><br \/>\n<span>JR Lamarsh, AJ Baratta, Introduction au g\u00e9nie nucl\u00e9aire, 3e \u00e9d., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN : 0-201-82498-1.<\/span><br \/>\n<span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-default\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div><div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p><span>Voir ci-dessus:<\/span><br \/>\n<span>alliages d&rsquo;aluminium<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/metals-what-are-metals\/alloys-composition-properties-of-metal-alloys\/aluminium-alloys\/ \" class=\"su-button su-button-style-plat\" style=\"color:#606060;background-color:#ffffff;border-color:#cccccc;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px\" target=\"_self\"><span style=\"color:#606060;padding:7px 20px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px;border-color:#ffffff;border-radius:10px;-moz-border-radius:10px;-webkit-border-radius:10px;text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-moz-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000;-webkit-text-shadow:0px 0px 0px #000000\"><img src=\"ic\u00f4ne : lien\" alt=\"\" style=\"width:24px;height:24px\" \/> <\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\"><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:15px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Nous esp\u00e9rons que cet article,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; Alliage 6061<\/span><\/strong><span>, vous aidera.\u00a0Si oui,\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>donnez-nous un like<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0dans la barre lat\u00e9rale.\u00a0L&rsquo;objectif principal de ce site Web est d&rsquo;aider le public \u00e0 apprendre des informations int\u00e9ressantes et importantes sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>R\u00e9sistance de l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; 6061 En m\u00e9canique des mat\u00e9riaux, la\u00a0r\u00e9sistance d&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau\u00a0est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 supporter une charge appliqu\u00e9e sans rupture ni d\u00e9formation plastique.\u00a0La r\u00e9sistance des mat\u00e9riaux\u00a0consid\u00e8re essentiellement la relation entre les\u00a0charges externes\u00a0appliqu\u00e9es \u00e0 un mat\u00e9riau et la\u00a0d\u00e9formation\u00a0ou la modification des dimensions du mat\u00e9riau qui en r\u00e9sulte.\u00a0La r\u00e9sistance d&rsquo;un mat\u00e9riau\u00a0est sa capacit\u00e9 \u00e0 supporter &#8230; <a title=\"Qu&rsquo;est-ce que l&rsquo;alliage d&rsquo;aluminium &#8211; Alliage 6061 &#8211; D\u00e9finition\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-lalliage-daluminium-alliage-6061-definition\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Qu&#039;est-ce que l&#039;alliage d&#039;aluminium - Alliage 6061 - D\u00e9finition | Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s mat\u00e9rielles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"L&#039;alliage 6061 est l&#039;un des alliages les plus utilis\u00e9s de la s\u00e9rie 6000. 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