{"id":116754,"date":"2022-05-23T18:08:20","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T17:08:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/quest-ce-quun-materiau-antiferromagnetique-antiferromagnetisme-definition\/"},"modified":"2022-05-24T09:16:18","modified_gmt":"2022-05-24T08:16:18","slug":"quest-ce-quun-materiau-antiferromagnetique-antiferromagnetisme-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/quest-ce-quun-materiau-antiferromagnetique-antiferromagnetisme-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu’est-ce qu’un mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique – Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme – D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans un antiferromagn\u00e9tique, contrairement \u00e0 un ferromagn\u00e9tique, les moments magn\u00e9tiques intrins\u00e8ques des \u00e9lectrons de valence voisins ont tendance \u00e0 pointer dans des directions oppos\u00e9es.\u00a0Mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique \u2013 Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

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La propri\u00e9t\u00e9 magn\u00e9tique<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0fait r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9ponse d’un mat\u00e9riau \u00e0 un\u00a0<\/span>champ magn\u00e9tique appliqu\u00e9<\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s magn\u00e9tiques macroscopiques d’un mat\u00e9riau sont une cons\u00e9quence des interactions entre un\u00a0<\/span>champ magn\u00e9tique ext\u00e9rieur<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0et les\u00a0<\/span>moments dipolaires magn\u00e9tiques des\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>atomes<\/span><\/strong><\/a> qui le constituent.\u00a0Diff\u00e9rents\u00a0<\/span>mat\u00e9riaux r\u00e9agissent\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>diff\u00e9remment<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0\u00e0 l’application du champ magn\u00e9tique\u00a0.\u00a0Les effets les plus connus se produisent dans\u00a0<\/span>les mat\u00e9riaux ferromagn\u00e9tiques,<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0qui sont fortement attir\u00e9s par les champs magn\u00e9tiques et peuvent \u00eatre magn\u00e9tis\u00e9s pour devenir des aimants permanents, produisant eux-m\u00eames des champs magn\u00e9tiques.\u00a0Seules quelques substances sont ferromagn\u00e9tiques.\u00a0Les plus courants sont le fer, le cobalt et le nickel et leurs alliages.<\/span><\/p>\n

Mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique \u2013 Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme<\/span><\/h2>\n

\"Mat\u00e9riaux<\/a>Dans un antiferromagn\u00e9tique, contrairement \u00e0 un ferromagn\u00e9tique, les moments magn\u00e9tiques intrins\u00e8ques des \u00e9lectrons de valence voisins ont tendance \u00e0 pointer dans des directions oppos\u00e9es.\u00a0Lorsque tous les atomes sont dispos\u00e9s dans une substance de mani\u00e8re \u00e0 ce que chaque voisin soit antiparall\u00e8le, la substance est antiferromagn\u00e9tique.\u00a0Les antiferromagn\u00e9tiques ont un moment magn\u00e9tique net nul, ce qui signifie qu’aucun champ n’est produit par eux.\u00a0<\/span>L’oxyde de mangan\u00e8se<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0(MnO) est un mat\u00e9riau qui affiche ce comportement.\u00a0G\u00e9n\u00e9ralement, l’ordre antiferromagn\u00e9tique peut exister \u00e0 des temp\u00e9ratures suffisamment basses, mais dispara\u00eet \u00e0 et au-dessus de la\u00a0<\/span>temp\u00e9rature de N\u00e9el<\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0Au-dessus de la temp\u00e9rature de N\u00e9el, le mat\u00e9riau est typiquement paramagn\u00e9tique, c’est-\u00e0-dire que l’\u00e9nergie thermique devient suffisamment importante pour d\u00e9truire l’ordre magn\u00e9tique microscopique au sein du mat\u00e9riau.\u00a0La temp\u00e9rature de N\u00e9el de MnO est d’environ 116K.<\/span><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

<\/span>References :<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/span>Science des mat\u00e9riaux:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  1. D\u00e9partement am\u00e9ricain de l’\u00e9nergie, science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 et 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. D\u00e9partement am\u00e9ricain de l’\u00e9nergie, science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 2 et 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. William D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch.\u00a0Science et g\u00e9nie des mat\u00e9riaux : une introduction 9e \u00e9dition, Wiley ;\u00a09 \u00e9dition (4 d\u00e9cembre 2013), ISBN-13\u00a0: 978-1118324578.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. En ligneEberhart, Mark (2003).\u00a0Pourquoi les choses se cassent\u00a0: Comprendre le monde par la mani\u00e8re dont il se d\u00e9compose.\u00a0Harmonie.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-4000-4760-4.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Gaskell, David R. (1995).\u00a0Introduction \u00e0 la thermodynamique des mat\u00e9riaux (4e \u00e9d.).\u00a0\u00c9ditions Taylor et Francis.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-56032-992-3.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Gonzalez-Vi\u00f1as, W. & Mancini, HL (2004).\u00a0Une introduction \u00e0 la science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0Presse universitaire de Princeton.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-691-07097-1<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Ashby, Michael;\u00a0Hugh Shercliff;\u00a0David Cebon (2007).\u00a0Mat\u00e9riaux: ing\u00e9nierie, science, traitement et conception (1\u00e8re \u00e9d.).\u00a0Butterworth-Heinemann.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-7506-8391-3.<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. JR Lamarsh, AJ Baratta, Introduction au g\u00e9nie nucl\u00e9aire, 3e \u00e9d., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN : 0-201-82498-1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>

    <\/div>
    <\/div>
    <\/div><\/div>
    \n

    Voir au dessus:<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s magn\u00e9tiques\"\" <\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>

    <\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

    Nous esp\u00e9rons que cet article,\u00a0<\/span>Mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique – Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme<\/span><\/strong>, vous aidera.\u00a0Si oui,\u00a0<\/span>donnez-nous un like<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0dans la barre lat\u00e9rale.\u00a0L’objectif principal de ce site Web est d’aider le public \u00e0 apprendre des informations int\u00e9ressantes et importantes sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nous esp\u00e9rons que cet article,\u00a0Mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique – Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme, vous aidera.\u00a0Si oui,\u00a0donnez-nous un like\u00a0dans la barre lat\u00e9rale.\u00a0L’objectif principal de ce site Web est d’aider le public \u00e0 apprendre des informations int\u00e9ressantes et importantes sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nQu'est-ce qu'un mat\u00e9riau antiferromagn\u00e9tique - Antiferromagn\u00e9tisme - D\u00e9finition | Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s mat\u00e9rielles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dans un antiferromagn\u00e9tique, contrairement \u00e0 un ferromagn\u00e9tique, les moments magn\u00e9tiques intrins\u00e8ques des \u00e9lectrons de valence voisins ont tendance \u00e0 pointer dans des directions oppos\u00e9es. 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