{"id":116764,"date":"2022-05-23T22:01:37","date_gmt":"2022-05-23T21:01:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/quest-ce-que-le-point-debullition-des-materiaux-definition\/"},"modified":"2022-05-24T18:23:34","modified_gmt":"2022-05-24T17:23:34","slug":"quest-ce-que-le-point-debullition-des-materiaux-definition","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/fr\/quest-ce-que-le-point-debullition-des-materiaux-definition\/","title":{"rendered":"Qu’est-ce que le point d’\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux – D\u00e9finition"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le point d’\u00e9bullition d’une substance est la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 laquelle se produit ce changement de phase (\u00e9bullition ou vaporisation).\u00a0Point d’\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux<\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

<\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

Les propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques<\/span><\/strong> des mat\u00e9riaux font r\u00e9f\u00e9rence \u00e0 la r\u00e9ponse des mat\u00e9riaux aux changements de leur <\/span>thermodynamics<\/a>\/thermodynamic-properties\/what-is-temperature-physics\/\u00a0\u00bb>temp\u00e9rature<\/span>\u00a0et \u00e0 l’application de\u00a0<\/span>chaleur<\/span><\/a>.\u00a0Lorsqu’un solide absorbe de\u00a0<\/span>thermodynamics<\/a>\/what-is-energy-physics\/\u00a0\u00bb>l’\u00e9nergie<\/span>\u00a0sous forme de chaleur, sa temp\u00e9rature augmente et ses dimensions augmentent.\u00a0Mais\u00a0<\/span>diff\u00e9rents mat\u00e9riaux r\u00e9agissent diff\u00e9remment\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>\u00e0<\/span><\/strong> l’application de chaleur.<\/span><\/p>\n

La capacit\u00e9 calorifique, la dilatation thermique et la conductivit\u00e9 thermique sont des propri\u00e9t\u00e9s qui sont souvent critiques dans l’utilisation pratique des solides.<\/span><\/p>\n

Point d’\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux<\/span><\/h2>\n

Notez que ces points sont associ\u00e9s \u00e0 la pression atmosph\u00e9rique standard.<\/span><\/p>\n

Voir aussi: <\/span>Points d’\u00e9bullition – Tableau p\u00e9riodique<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

En g\u00e9n\u00e9ral, <\/span>l’\u00e9bullition<\/span><\/strong> est un\u00a0<\/span>changement de phase<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0d’une substance de la phase liquide \u00e0 la phase gazeuse.\u00a0Le <\/span>point d’\u00e9bullition<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0d’une substance est la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 laquelle se produit ce changement de phase (\u00e9bullition ou vaporisation).\u00a0La temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 laquelle la <\/span>vaporisation<\/span><\/strong> (\u00e9bullition) commence \u00e0 se produire pour une pression donn\u00e9e est \u00e9galement connue sous le nom de\u00a0temp\u00e9rature de saturation<\/a><\/strong>\u00a0et dans ces conditions, un m\u00e9lange de vapeur et de liquide peut exister ensemble.\u00a0On peut dire que le liquide est satur\u00e9 d’\u00e9nergie thermique.\u00a0Tout ajout d’\u00e9nergie thermique entra\u00eene une transition de phase.\u00a0Au point d’\u00e9bullition<\/strong><\/span> \u00a0les deux phases d’une substance, liquide et vapeur, ont des \u00e9nergies libres identiques et sont donc \u00e9galement susceptibles d’exister.\u00a0En dessous du point d’\u00e9bullition, le liquide est l’\u00e9tat le plus stable des deux, alors qu’au-dessus, la forme gazeuse est pr\u00e9f\u00e9r\u00e9e.\u00a0La pression \u00e0 laquelle la vaporisation (\u00e9bullition) commence \u00e0 se produire pour une temp\u00e9rature donn\u00e9e est appel\u00e9e la <\/span>pression de saturation<\/span><\/strong>.\u00a0Consid\u00e9r\u00e9e comme la temp\u00e9rature du passage inverse de la vapeur au liquide, elle est appel\u00e9e point de condensation.<\/span><\/p>\n

Comme on peut le voir, le <\/span>point d’\u00e9bullition<\/span><\/strong> d’un liquide varie en fonction de la pression environnementale environnante. Un liquide sous vide partiel a un point d’\u00e9bullition plus bas que lorsque ce liquide est \u00e0 la pression atmosph\u00e9rique. Un liquide \u00e0 haute pression a un point d’\u00e9bullition plus \u00e9lev\u00e9 que lorsque ce liquide est \u00e0 la pression atmosph\u00e9rique. Par exemple, l’eau bout \u00e0 100 \u00b0C (212 \u00b0F) au niveau de la mer, mais \u00e0 93,4 \u00b0C (200,1 \u00b0F) \u00e0 1900 m\u00e8tres (6 233 pieds) d’altitude. D’autre part, l’eau bout \u00e0 350 \u00b0C (662 \u00b0F) \u00e0 16,5 MPa (pression typique des REP).<\/span><\/p>\n

Dans le <\/span>tableau p\u00e9riodique des \u00e9l\u00e9ments<\/span><\/a>, l’\u00e9l\u00e9ment dont le point d’\u00e9bullition est le plus bas est l’h\u00e9lium.\u00a0Les points d’\u00e9bullition du rh\u00e9nium et du tungst\u00e8ne d\u00e9passent 5000 K \u00e0 la pression standard.\u00a0Puisqu’il est difficile de mesurer pr\u00e9cis\u00e9ment les temp\u00e9ratures extr\u00eames sans biais, les deux ont \u00e9t\u00e9 cit\u00e9s dans la litt\u00e9rature comme ayant le point d’\u00e9bullition le plus \u00e9lev\u00e9.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"point<\/a><\/p>\n

<\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

\n

<\/span>References :<\/div>
\u00a0<\/div><\/div><\/div><\/span>Science des mat\u00e9riaux:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
    \n
  1. D\u00e9partement am\u00e9ricain de l’\u00e9nergie, science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 et 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. D\u00e9partement am\u00e9ricain de l’\u00e9nergie, science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 2 et 2. Janvier 1993.<\/span><\/li>\n
  3. William D. Callister, David G. Rethwisch.\u00a0Science et g\u00e9nie des mat\u00e9riaux : une introduction 9e \u00e9dition, Wiley ;\u00a09 \u00e9dition (4 d\u00e9cembre 2013), ISBN-13\u00a0: 978-1118324578.<\/span><\/li>\n
  4. En ligneEberhart, Mark (2003).\u00a0Pourquoi les choses se cassent\u00a0: Comprendre le monde par la mani\u00e8re dont il se d\u00e9compose.\u00a0Harmonie.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-4000-4760-4.<\/span><\/li>\n
  5. Gaskell, David R. (1995).\u00a0Introduction \u00e0 la thermodynamique des mat\u00e9riaux (4e \u00e9d.).\u00a0\u00c9ditions Taylor et Francis.\u00a0ISBN 978-1-56032-992-3.<\/span><\/li>\n
  6. Gonzalez-Vi\u00f1as, W. & Mancini, HL (2004).\u00a0Une introduction \u00e0 la science des mat\u00e9riaux.\u00a0Presse universitaire de Princeton.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-691-07097-1<\/span><\/li>\n
  7. Ashby, Michael;\u00a0Hugh Shercliff;\u00a0David Cebon (2007).\u00a0Mat\u00e9riaux: ing\u00e9nierie, science, traitement et conception (1\u00e8re \u00e9d.).\u00a0Butterworth-Heinemann.\u00a0ISBN 978-0-7506-8391-3.<\/span><\/li>\n
  8. JR Lamarsh, AJ Baratta, Introduction au g\u00e9nie nucl\u00e9aire, 3e \u00e9d., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN : 0-201-82498-1.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    <\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>

    <\/div>
    <\/div>
    <\/div><\/div>
    \n

    Voir au dessus:<\/span><\/h2>\n

    Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s thermiques\"\" <\/span><\/a><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div>

    <\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

    <\/div><\/span><\/p>\n

    Nous esp\u00e9rons que cet article,\u00a0<\/span>Point d’\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux<\/span><\/strong>, vous aidera.\u00a0Si oui,\u00a0<\/span>donnez-nous un like<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0dans la barre lat\u00e9rale.\u00a0L’objectif principal de ce site Web est d’aider le public \u00e0 apprendre des informations int\u00e9ressantes et importantes sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Nous esp\u00e9rons que cet article,\u00a0Point d’\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux, vous aidera.\u00a0Si oui,\u00a0donnez-nous un like\u00a0dans la barre lat\u00e9rale.\u00a0L’objectif principal de ce site Web est d’aider le public \u00e0 apprendre des informations int\u00e9ressantes et importantes sur les mat\u00e9riaux et leurs propri\u00e9t\u00e9s.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[53],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"\nQu'est-ce que le point d'\u00e9bullition des mat\u00e9riaux - D\u00e9finition | Propri\u00e9t\u00e9s mat\u00e9rielles<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Le point d'\u00e9bullition d'une substance est la temp\u00e9rature \u00e0 laquelle se produit ce changement de phase (\u00e9bullition ou vaporisation). 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