{"id":117294,"date":"2022-09-12T20:28:01","date_gmt":"2022-09-12T19:28:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/grafite-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/"},"modified":"2022-10-18T07:18:47","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T06:18:47","slug":"grafite-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/pt-br\/grafite-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/","title":{"rendered":"Grafite &#8211; Tabela de Materiais &#8211; Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es &#8211; Pre\u00e7o"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Sobre Grafite<\/h2>\n<p>A grafite \u00e9 uma forma cristalina do elemento carbono com seus \u00e1tomos dispostos em uma estrutura hexagonal.\u00a0Sua combina\u00e7\u00e3o incomum de propriedades deve-se \u00e0 estrutura cristalina do grafite.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos de carbono est\u00e3o dispostos hexagonalmente em um sistema de anel condensado planar.\u00a0As camadas s\u00e3o empilhadas paralelamente umas \u00e0s outras.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos dentro dos an\u00e9is est\u00e3o ligados covalentemente, enquanto as camadas est\u00e3o frouxamente ligadas entre si por for\u00e7as de van der Waals.\u00a0Ocorre naturalmente nesta forma e \u00e9 a forma mais est\u00e1vel de carbono sob condi\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o.\u00a0Embora o grafite seja flex\u00edvel, n\u00e3o \u00e9 el\u00e1stico e possui alta condutividade el\u00e9trica e t\u00e9rmica.\u00a0Tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 quimicamente inerte e altamente refrat\u00e1rio.\u00a0Como o grafite exibe baixa adsor\u00e7\u00e3o de raios X e n\u00eautrons, \u00e9 muito valioso em aplica\u00e7\u00f5es nucleares.\u00a0<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108381\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price.png\" alt=\"pre\u00e7o de for\u00e7a de densidade de propriedades de grafite\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price.png 1000w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/graphite-properties-density-strength-price-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Resumo<\/h3>\n<table class=\"a\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"b\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Nome<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Grafite<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Fase em STP<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>s\u00f3lido<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Densidade<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>2260 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>14 MPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">For\u00e7a de rendimento<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>N\/D<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">M\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>11,5 GPa<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Dureza Brinell<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>5 BHN<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>3600 \u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>200 W\/mK<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Capacidade de calor<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"text-align: start;\">720 J\/gK<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\">Pre\u00e7o<\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>3 $\/kg<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h2>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o de Grafite<\/h2>\n<p>Sua combina\u00e7\u00e3o incomum de propriedades deve-se \u00e0 estrutura cristalina do grafite.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos de carbono est\u00e3o dispostos hexagonalmente em um sistema de anel condensado planar.\u00a0As camadas s\u00e3o empilhadas paralelamente umas \u00e0s outras.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos dentro dos an\u00e9is est\u00e3o ligados covalentemente, enquanto as camadas est\u00e3o frouxamente ligadas entre si por for\u00e7as de van der Waals.\u00a0Ocorre naturalmente nesta forma e \u00e9 a forma mais est\u00e1vel de carbono sob condi\u00e7\u00f5es padr\u00e3o.\u00a0<div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\">100%<a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carbon-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-92294\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Carbon-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Carbono na Tabela Peri\u00f3dica\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\"> <\/div><\/div>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h2>Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de Grafite<\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_108746\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-108746\" style=\"width: 224px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graphite-Material-Table-Applications-Price.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-108743 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graphite-Material-Table-Applications-Price-234x300.jpg\" alt=\"{%TEXTO ALTERNATIVO%}\" width=\"234\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graphite-Material-Table-Applications-Price-234x300.jpg 234w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Graphite-Material-Table-Applications-Price.jpg 585w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 234px) 100vw, 234px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-108746\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: wikipedia.org License: CC-BY SA 3.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>As propriedades do grafite determinam a variedade das \u00e1reas de suas aplica\u00e7\u00f5es na ind\u00fastria, transporte, energ\u00e9tica, defesa, medicina, ci\u00eancia, esporte. Devido \u00e0 sua estabilidade em altas temperaturas e in\u00e9rcia qu\u00edmica, o grafite \u00e9 o candidato perfeito para material refrat\u00e1rio. De acordo com o USGS, o consumo de grafite natural nos EUA em refrat\u00e1rios foi de 12500 toneladas em 2010. As escovas de carv\u00e3o para motores el\u00e9tricos s\u00e3o fabricadas com grafite sint\u00e9tico de alta pureza. O grafite de alta pureza tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 usado em reatores nucleares como moderador de n\u00eautrons. Isto \u00e9 devido \u00e0 sua se\u00e7\u00e3o transversal de absor\u00e7\u00e3o muito baixa. A grafite natural na fabrica\u00e7\u00e3o de a\u00e7o \u00e9 usada principalmente para aumentar o teor de carbono no a\u00e7o fundido. <div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h2>Propriedades Mec\u00e2nicas do Grafite<\/h2>\n<h3>For\u00e7a do Grafite<\/h3>\n<p>Na mec\u00e2nica dos materiais, a\u00a0<strong>resist\u00eancia de um material<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 sua capacidade de suportar uma carga aplicada sem falha ou deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica.\u00a0<strong>A resist\u00eancia dos materiais<\/strong>\u00a0considera basicamente a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as\u00a0<strong>cargas externas<\/strong>\u00a0aplicadas a um material e a\u00a0<strong>deforma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0resultante ou altera\u00e7\u00e3o nas dimens\u00f5es do material.\u00a0Ao projetar estruturas e m\u00e1quinas, \u00e9 importante considerar esses fatores, para que o material selecionado tenha resist\u00eancia adequada para resistir \u00e0s cargas ou for\u00e7as aplicadas e manter sua forma original.<\/p>\n<p><strong>A resist\u00eancia de um material<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 a sua capacidade de suportar esta carga aplicada sem falha ou deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica.\u00a0Para tens\u00e3o de tra\u00e7\u00e3o, a capacidade de um material ou estrutura de suportar cargas que tendem a se alongar \u00e9 conhecida como resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final (UTS).\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-yield-strength-yield-point-definition\/\">O limite de escoamento<\/a>\u00a0ou tens\u00e3o de escoamento \u00e9 a propriedade do material definida como a tens\u00e3o na qual um material come\u00e7a a se deformar plasticamente, enquanto o ponto de escoamento \u00e9 o ponto onde a deforma\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o linear (el\u00e1stica + pl\u00e1stica) come\u00e7a.\u00a0No caso de tens\u00e3o de tra\u00e7\u00e3o de uma barra uniforme (curva tens\u00e3o-deforma\u00e7\u00e3o), a <a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-hookes-law-definition\/\"><b>lei de Hooke<\/b><\/a>\u00a0descreve o comportamento de uma barra na regi\u00e3o el\u00e1stica.\u00a0O\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-youngs-modulus-of-elasticity-definition\/\">m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young<\/a>\u00a0\u00e9 o m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade para tens\u00f5es de tra\u00e7\u00e3o e compress\u00e3o no regime de elasticidade linear de uma deforma\u00e7\u00e3o uniaxial e geralmente \u00e9 avaliado por ensaios de tra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<p>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-strength-definition\/\">Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais<\/a><\/p>\n<h3>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final do Grafite<\/h3>\n<p>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final do Grafite \u00e9 de 14 MPa.<\/p>\n<h3>For\u00e7a de Ced\u00eancia de Grafite<\/h3>\n<p>O limite de escoamento do Grafite \u00e9 N\/A.<\/p>\n<h3>M\u00f3dulo de Elasticidade do Grafite<\/h3>\n<p>O m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young do Grafite \u00e9 11,5 MPa.<\/p>\n<h3>Dureza do Grafite<\/h3>\n<p>Na ci\u00eancia dos materiais, a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/hardness\/\"><strong>dureza<\/strong><\/a> \u00a0\u00e9 a capacidade de suportar\u00a0<strong>o recuo da superf\u00edcie<\/strong> (<strong>deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica localizada<\/strong>) e <strong>arranh\u00f5es<\/strong>.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/hardness\/brinell-hardness-test\/\"><strong>O teste de dureza Brinell<\/strong><\/a> \u00e9 um dos testes de dureza de indenta\u00e7\u00e3o, que foi desenvolvido para testes de dureza. Nos testes Brinell, um\u00a0<strong>penetrador esf\u00e9rico<\/strong>\u00a0duro \u00e9 for\u00e7ado sob uma carga espec\u00edfica na superf\u00edcie do metal a ser testado.<\/p>\n<p>O <strong>n\u00famero de dureza Brinell<\/strong> (HB) \u00e9 a carga dividida pela \u00e1rea da superf\u00edcie da indenta\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0O di\u00e2metro da impress\u00e3o \u00e9 medido com um microsc\u00f3pio com uma escala sobreposta.\u00a0O n\u00famero de dureza Brinell \u00e9 calculado a partir da equa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-90677\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png 320w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition-300x178.png 300w\" alt=\"n\u00famero de dureza brinell - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"320\" height=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A dureza Brinell do Grafite \u00e9 de aproximadamente 5 BHN (convertido).<\/p>\n<p>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-hardness-definition\/\">Dureza dos Materiais<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/strength-of-materials-tensile-yield\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108070 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Strength-of-Materials-300x182.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Elasticidade dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/elasticity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108080 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Elasticity-of-Materials-300x185.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Elasticidade dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Dureza dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/hardness-of-materials-brinell-mohs\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108085 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Hardness-of-Materials-300x182.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Dureza dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a>\u00a0 <\/p><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h2>Propriedades T\u00e9rmicas do Grafite<\/h2>\n<h3>Grafite &#8211; Ponto de Fus\u00e3o<\/h3>\n<p><strong>O ponto de fus\u00e3o do Grafite \u00e9 3600 <\/strong><strong>\u00b0C<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>Observe que esses pontos est\u00e3o associados \u00e0 press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica padr\u00e3o. Em geral, a\u00a0<strong>fus\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 uma\u00a0<strong>mudan\u00e7a de fase<\/strong> de uma subst\u00e2ncia da fase s\u00f3lida para a l\u00edquida.\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/strong> de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 a temperatura na qual essa mudan\u00e7a de fase ocorre.\u00a0O\u00a0<strong>ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/strong>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m define uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o na qual o s\u00f3lido e o l\u00edquido podem existir em equil\u00edbrio.\u00a0Para v\u00e1rios compostos qu\u00edmicos e ligas, \u00e9 dif\u00edcil definir o ponto de fus\u00e3o, pois geralmente s\u00e3o uma mistura de v\u00e1rios elementos qu\u00edmicos.<\/p>\n<h3>Grafite &#8211; Condutividade T\u00e9rmica<\/h3>\n<p>A condutividade t\u00e9rmica do\u00a0<strong>Grafite<\/strong> \u00e9 <strong>200\u00a0<\/strong><strong>W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p>As caracter\u00edsticas de transfer\u00eancia de calor de um material s\u00f3lido s\u00e3o medidas por uma propriedade chamada <strong>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/strong>, k (ou \u03bb), medida em\u00a0<strong>W\/mK<\/strong>. \u00c9 uma medida da capacidade de uma subst\u00e2ncia de transferir calor atrav\u00e9s de um material por\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conduction-heat-conduction-definition\/\">condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/a>.\u00a0Observe que\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-fouriers-law-of-thermal-conduction-definition\/\"><strong>a lei de Fourier<\/strong><\/a> se aplica a toda mat\u00e9ria, independentemente de seu estado (s\u00f3lido, l\u00edquido ou gasoso), portanto, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 definida para l\u00edquidos e gases.<\/p>\n<p>A <a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\"><strong>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0da maioria dos l\u00edquidos e s\u00f3lidos varia com a temperatura.\u00a0Para vapores, tamb\u00e9m depende da press\u00e3o.\u00a0No geral:<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-88793\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"225\" height=\"75\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>A maioria dos materiais s\u00e3o quase homog\u00eaneos, portanto, geralmente podemos escrever <strong><em>k = k(T)<\/em><\/strong>.\u00a0Defini\u00e7\u00f5es semelhantes est\u00e3o associadas a condutividades t\u00e9rmicas nas dire\u00e7\u00f5es y e z (ky, kz), mas para um material isotr\u00f3pico a condutividade t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 independente da dire\u00e7\u00e3o de transfer\u00eancia, kx = ky = kz = k.<\/p>\n<h3>Grafite &#8211; Calor Espec\u00edfico<\/h3>\n<p><strong>O calor espec\u00edfico do Grafite \u00e9 <\/strong><strong>720 J\/g<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>K<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Calor espec\u00edfico, ou capacidade calor\u00edfica espec\u00edfica,<\/strong>\u00a0\u00e9 uma propriedade relacionada \u00e0\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-internal-energy-thermal-energy-definition\/\">energia interna<\/a><\/strong> que \u00e9 muito importante na termodin\u00e2mica. As\u00a0<strong>propriedades intensivas <\/strong><strong><em>c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> e\u00a0<strong><em>c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub>p<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> \u00a0s\u00e3o definidas para subst\u00e2ncias compress\u00edveis puras simples como derivadas parciais da\u00a0<strong>energia interna <\/strong><strong><em>u(T, v)<\/em><\/strong>\u00a0e\u00a0<strong>entalpia\u00a0\u00a0<\/strong><strong><em>h(T, p)<\/em><\/strong>, respectivamente:<strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Heat-at-Constant-Volume-and-Constant-Pressure.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87689\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Heat-at-Constant-Volume-and-Constant-Pressure.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"106\" height=\"138\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>onde os subscritos <strong>v<\/strong> e\u00a0<strong>p<\/strong> denotam as vari\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bmantidas fixas durante a diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o. As propriedades\u00a0<strong>c<sub>v<\/sub> <\/strong>e\u00a0<strong>c<sub>p<\/sub><\/strong>\u00a0s\u00e3o chamadas de\u00a0<strong>calores espec\u00edficos <\/strong>(ou <strong>capacidades de calor<\/strong>) porque, sob certas condi\u00e7\u00f5es especiais, elas relacionam a mudan\u00e7a de temperatura de um sistema com a quantidade de energia adicionada pela transfer\u00eancia de calor. Suas unidades no SI s\u00e3o\u00a0<strong>J\/kg K<\/strong> ou\u00a0<strong>J\/mol K<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Ponto de fus\u00e3o dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/melting-point-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108050 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Metling-Point-300x183.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Ponto de Fus\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Condutividade T\u00e9rmica dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/thermal-conductivity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108055 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Thermal-Conductivity-300x180.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Condutividade T\u00e9rmica\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" \/><\/a><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\">Capacidade de Calor dos Materiais<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/heat-capacity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108063 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Heat-Capacity-300x179.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Capacidade de Calor\" width=\"300\" height=\"179\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h3>\n<\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<h2>Propriedades e pre\u00e7os de outros materiais<\/h2>\n<p>tabela de materiais em resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de 8k<\/p>\n<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:20px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sobre Grafite A grafite \u00e9 uma forma cristalina do elemento carbono com seus \u00e1tomos dispostos em uma estrutura hexagonal.\u00a0Sua combina\u00e7\u00e3o incomum de propriedades deve-se \u00e0 estrutura cristalina do grafite.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos de carbono est\u00e3o dispostos hexagonalmente em um sistema de anel condensado planar.\u00a0As camadas s\u00e3o empilhadas paralelamente umas \u00e0s outras.\u00a0Os \u00e1tomos dentro dos an\u00e9is est\u00e3o ligados &#8230; <a title=\"Grafite &#8211; Tabela de Materiais &#8211; Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es &#8211; Pre\u00e7o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/pt-br\/grafite-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/\">Ler mais&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Grafite | Propriedades, Pre\u00e7o e Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o | Propriedades do Material<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"A grafite \u00e9 uma forma cristalina do elemento carbono com seus \u00e1tomos dispostos em uma estrutura hexagonal. 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