{"id":117297,"date":"2022-09-12T21:14:38","date_gmt":"2022-09-12T20:14:38","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/gelo-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/"},"modified":"2022-10-18T07:24:59","modified_gmt":"2022-10-18T06:24:59","slug":"gelo-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/pt-br\/gelo-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/","title":{"rendered":"Gelo &#8211; Tabela de Materiais &#8211; Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es &#8211; Pre\u00e7o"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2><span>Sobre o Gelo<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>O gelo \u00e9 simplesmente \u00e1gua congelada em estado s\u00f3lido.\u00a0Dependendo da presen\u00e7a de impurezas, como part\u00edculas de solo ou bolhas de ar, pode parecer transparente ou uma cor branco-azulada mais ou menos opaca.\u00a0<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108411\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price.png\" alt=\"pre\u00e7o da for\u00e7a da densidade das propriedades do gelo\" width=\"500\" height=\"500\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price.png 1000w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/ice-properties-density-strength-price-768x768.png 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Resumo<\/span><\/h3>\n<table class=\"a\">\n<tbody>\n<tr class=\"b\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Nome<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>Gelo<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Est\u00e1gio<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>s\u00f3lido<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Densidade<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>920 kg\/m<sup>3<\/sup><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>2 MPa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>For\u00e7a de rendimento<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>N\/D<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>M\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>9,1 GPa<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Dureza Brinell<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>10 BHN<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>0 \u00b0C<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>2,22 W\/mK<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Capacidade de calor<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"text-align: start;\"><span>2040 J\/g K<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr class=\"c\">\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Pre\u00e7o<\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span>1 $\/kg<\/span><\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Composi\u00e7\u00e3o do Gelo<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>O gelo \u00e9 simplesmente \u00e1gua congelada em estado s\u00f3lido.\u00a0Praticamente todo o gelo na superf\u00edcie da Terra e em sua atmosfera \u00e9 de estrutura cristalina hexagonal.\u00a0O ar tamb\u00e9m cont\u00e9m uma quantidade vari\u00e1vel de vapor de \u00e1gua, em m\u00e9dia cerca de 1% ao n\u00edvel do mar e 0,4% em toda a atmosfera.\u00a0<div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\"><span>11,1%<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Hydrogen-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-95010\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Hydrogen-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Hidrog\u00eanio na Tabela Peri\u00f3dica\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Hydrogen-periodic-table-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Hydrogen-periodic-table-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Hydrogen-periodic-table.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 50px;\"><span>88,8%<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Oxygen-periodic-table.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-thumbnail wp-image-94990\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Oxygen-periodic-table-150x150.png\" alt=\"Oxig\u00eanio na Tabela Peri\u00f3dica\" width=\"150\" height=\"150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Oxygen-periodic-table-150x150.png 150w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Oxygen-periodic-table-300x300.png 300w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Oxygen-periodic-table.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 150px) 100vw, 150px\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\"> <\/div><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es de Gelo<\/span><\/h2>\n<figure id=\"attachment_108716\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-108716\" style=\"width: 290px\" class=\"wp-caption alignright\"><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"wp-image-108713 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"{%TEXTO ALTERNATIVO%}\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/03\/Ice-Material-Table-Applications-Price.jpg 1279w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-108716\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Source: wikipedia.org License: CC-BY SA 3.0<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span>O gelo foi usado para resfriamento e preserva\u00e7\u00e3o de alimentos por s\u00e9culos, contando com a colheita de gelo natural em v\u00e1rias formas e depois fazendo a transi\u00e7\u00e3o para a produ\u00e7\u00e3o mec\u00e2nica do material.\u00a0O gelo tamb\u00e9m apresenta um desafio para o transporte em v\u00e1rias formas e um cen\u00e1rio para esportes de inverno.\u00a0Os tipos de gelo comercial incluem gelo em bloco, gelo em cubo, gelo em tubo, gelo em flocos, gelo em placas e gelo raspado.\u00a0Pode ser fabricado para uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o industrial usando equipamentos especiais.\u00a0Existem grandes f\u00e1bricas de gelo que produzem toneladas de gelo para uso comercial em um dia.\u00a0Aqui, vamos discutir como o gelo \u00e9 feito e as ind\u00fastrias comerciais que o utilizam principalmente.\u00a0<div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Propriedades Mec\u00e2nicas do Gelo<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span>For\u00e7a do Gelo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Na mec\u00e2nica dos materiais, a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>resist\u00eancia de um material<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 sua capacidade de suportar uma carga aplicada sem falha ou deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica.\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>A resist\u00eancia dos materiais<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0considera basicamente a rela\u00e7\u00e3o entre as\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>cargas externas<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0aplicadas a um material e a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>deforma\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0resultante ou altera\u00e7\u00e3o nas dimens\u00f5es do material.\u00a0Ao projetar estruturas e m\u00e1quinas, \u00e9 importante considerar esses fatores, para que o material selecionado tenha resist\u00eancia adequada para resistir \u00e0s cargas ou for\u00e7as aplicadas e manter sua forma original.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>A resist\u00eancia de um material<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 a sua capacidade de suportar esta carga aplicada sem falha ou deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica.\u00a0Para tens\u00e3o de tra\u00e7\u00e3o, a capacidade de um material ou estrutura de suportar cargas que tendem a se alongar \u00e9 conhecida como resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final (UTS).\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-yield-strength-yield-point-definition\/\"><span>O limite de escoamento<\/span><\/a><span>\u00a0ou tens\u00e3o de escoamento \u00e9 a propriedade do material definida como a tens\u00e3o na qual um material come\u00e7a a se deformar plasticamente, enquanto o ponto de escoamento \u00e9 o ponto onde a deforma\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o linear (el\u00e1stica + pl\u00e1stica) come\u00e7a.\u00a0No caso de tens\u00e3o de tra\u00e7\u00e3o de uma barra uniforme (curva tens\u00e3o-deforma\u00e7\u00e3o), a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-hookes-law-definition\/\"><b><span>lei de Hooke<\/span><\/b><\/a><span>\u00a0descreve o comportamento de uma barra na regi\u00e3o el\u00e1stica.\u00a0O\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-youngs-modulus-of-elasticity-definition\/\"><span>m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young<\/span><\/a>\u00a0<span>\u00e9 o m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade para tens\u00f5es de tra\u00e7\u00e3o e compress\u00e3o no regime de elasticidade linear de uma deforma\u00e7\u00e3o uniaxial e geralmente \u00e9 avaliado por ensaios de tra\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-strength-definition\/\"><span>Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<h3><span>Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final do Gelo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>A resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o final do Gelo \u00e9 de 2 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>For\u00e7a de Ced\u00eancia do Gelo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>A resist\u00eancia ao escoamento do Gelo <\/span><span>\u00e9 N\/A.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>M\u00f3dulo de Elasticidade do Gelo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>O m\u00f3dulo de elasticidade de Young do Gelo \u00e9 9,1 MPa.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Dureza do Gelo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>Na ci\u00eancia dos materiais, a <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/hardness\/\"><strong><span>dureza<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span> \u00e9 a capacidade de suportar <\/span><strong><span>o recuo da superf\u00edcie<\/span><\/strong><span> (<\/span><strong><span>deforma\u00e7\u00e3o pl\u00e1stica localizada<\/span><\/strong><span>) e <\/span><strong><span>arranh\u00f5es<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.nuclear-power.com\/nuclear-engineering\/materials-science\/material-properties\/hardness\/brinell-hardness-test\/\"><strong><span>O teste de dureza Brinell<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span>\u00a0\u00e9 um dos testes de dureza de indenta\u00e7\u00e3o, que foi desenvolvido para testes de dureza.\u00a0Nos testes Brinell, um <\/span><strong><span>penetrador esf\u00e9rico<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0duro \u00e9 for\u00e7ado sob uma carga espec\u00edfica na superf\u00edcie do metal a ser testado.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>O <\/span><strong><span>n\u00famero de dureza Brinell<\/span><\/strong><span> (HB) \u00e9 a carga dividida pela \u00e1rea da superf\u00edcie da indenta\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0O di\u00e2metro da impress\u00e3o \u00e9 medido com um microsc\u00f3pio com uma escala sobreposta.\u00a0O n\u00famero de dureza Brinell \u00e9 calculado a partir da equa\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-90677\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png\" sizes=\"(max-width: 320px) 100vw, 320px\" srcset=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition.png 320w, https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/brinell-hardness-number-definition-300x178.png 300w\" alt=\"n\u00famero de dureza brinell - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"320\" height=\"190\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>A dureza Brinell do Gelo \u00e9 de aproximadamente 10 BHN (convertida).<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Veja tamb\u00e9m:\u00a0<\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/what-is-hardness-definition\/\"><span>Dureza dos Materiais<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/strength-of-materials-tensile-yield\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108070 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Strength-of-Materials-300x182.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Resist\u00eancia dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Elasticidade dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/elasticity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108080 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Elasticity-of-Materials-300x185.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Elasticidade dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"185\" \/><\/a><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Dureza dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/hardness-of-materials-brinell-mohs\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108085 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Hardness-of-Materials-300x182.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Dureza dos Materiais\" width=\"300\" height=\"182\" \/><\/a><span>\u00a0 <\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Propriedades T\u00e9rmicas do Gelo<\/span><\/h2>\n<h3><span>Gelo &#8211; Ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><span>O ponto de fus\u00e3o do Gelo \u00e9 0 <\/span><\/strong><strong><span>\u00b0C<\/span><\/strong><span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>Observe que esses pontos est\u00e3o associados \u00e0 press\u00e3o atmosf\u00e9rica padr\u00e3o.\u00a0Em geral, a <\/span><strong><span>fus\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span> \u00e9 uma <\/span><strong><span>mudan\u00e7a de fase<\/span><\/strong><span> de uma subst\u00e2ncia da fase s\u00f3lida para a l\u00edquida.\u00a0O <\/span><strong><span>ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span> de uma subst\u00e2ncia \u00e9 a temperatura na qual essa mudan\u00e7a de fase ocorre.\u00a0O <\/span><strong><span>ponto de fus\u00e3o<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0tamb\u00e9m define uma condi\u00e7\u00e3o na qual o s\u00f3lido e o l\u00edquido podem existir em equil\u00edbrio.\u00a0Para v\u00e1rios compostos qu\u00edmicos e ligas, \u00e9 dif\u00edcil definir o ponto de fus\u00e3o, pois geralmente s\u00e3o uma mistura de v\u00e1rios elementos qu\u00edmicos.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Gelo &#8211; Condutividade T\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span>A condutividade t\u00e9rmica do\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>Gelo<\/span><\/strong><span> \u00e9\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>2,22\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span>W\/(m\u00b7K)<\/span><\/strong><span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>As caracter\u00edsticas de transfer\u00eancia de calor de um material s\u00f3lido s\u00e3o medidas por uma propriedade chamada <\/span><strong><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/strong><span>, k (ou \u03bb), medida em\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>W\/mK<\/span><\/strong><span>.\u00a0\u00c9 uma medida da capacidade de uma subst\u00e2ncia de transferir calor atrav\u00e9s de um material por <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conduction-heat-conduction-definition\/\"><span>condu\u00e7\u00e3o<\/span><\/a><span>.\u00a0Observe que <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-fouriers-law-of-thermal-conduction-definition\/\"><strong><span>a lei de Fourier<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span> se aplica a toda mat\u00e9ria, independentemente de seu estado (s\u00f3lido, l\u00edquido ou gasoso), portanto, tamb\u00e9m \u00e9 definida para l\u00edquidos e gases.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span>A <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-thermal-conductivity-definition\/\"><strong><span>condutividade t\u00e9rmica<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span> da maioria dos l\u00edquidos e s\u00f3lidos varia com a temperatura.\u00a0Para vapores, tamb\u00e9m depende da press\u00e3o.\u00a0No geral:<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-88793\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/thermal-conductivity-definition.png\" alt=\"condutividade t\u00e9rmica - defini\u00e7\u00e3o\" width=\"225\" height=\"75\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>A maioria dos materiais s\u00e3o quase homog\u00eaneos, portanto, geralmente podemos escrever <\/span><strong><em><span>k = k(T)<\/span><\/em><\/strong><span>.\u00a0Defini\u00e7\u00f5es semelhantes est\u00e3o associadas a condutividades t\u00e9rmicas nas dire\u00e7\u00f5es y e z (ky, kz), mas para um material isotr\u00f3pico a condutividade t\u00e9rmica \u00e9 independente da dire\u00e7\u00e3o de transfer\u00eancia, kx = ky = kz = k.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span>Gelo &#8211; Calor Espec\u00edfico<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><strong><span>O calor espec\u00edfico do Gelo \u00e9 <\/span><\/strong><strong><span>2040 J\/g<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0<strong>K<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span>Calor espec\u00edfico, ou capacidade calor\u00edfica espec\u00edfica,<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0\u00e9 uma propriedade relacionada \u00e0\u00a0<strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.thermal-engineering.org\/what-is-internal-energy-thermal-energy-definition\/\">energia interna<\/a><\/strong> que \u00e9 muito importante na termodin\u00e2mica.\u00a0As <strong>propriedades intensivas <\/strong><strong><em>c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub>v<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> e\u00a0<strong><em>c<\/em><\/strong><strong><em><sub>p<\/sub><\/em><\/strong> s\u00e3o definidas para subst\u00e2ncias compress\u00edveis puras simples como derivadas parciais da <strong>energia interna <\/strong><strong><em>u(T, v)<\/em><\/strong> e <strong>entalpia <\/strong><strong><em>h(T, p)<\/em><\/strong>, respectivamente:<\/span><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Heat-at-Constant-Volume-and-Constant-Pressure.png\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-87689\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/05\/Specific-Heat-at-Constant-Volume-and-Constant-Pressure.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"106\" height=\"138\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><span>onde os subscritos <\/span><strong><span>v<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>p<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0denotam as vari\u00e1veis \u200b\u200bmantidas fixas durante a diferencia\u00e7\u00e3o.\u00a0As propriedades <\/span><strong><span>c<\/span><sub><span>v<\/span><\/sub> <\/strong><span>e\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>c<\/span><sub><span>p<\/span><\/sub><\/strong><span>\u00a0s\u00e3o chamadas de\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>calores espec\u00edficos <\/span><\/strong><span>(ou <\/span><strong><span>capacidades de calor<\/span><\/strong><span>) porque, sob certas condi\u00e7\u00f5es especiais, elas relacionam a mudan\u00e7a de temperatura de um sistema com a quantidade de energia adicionada pela transfer\u00eancia de calor.\u00a0Suas unidades no SI s\u00e3o <\/span><strong><span>J\/kg K<\/span><\/strong><span>\u00a0ou\u00a0<\/span><strong><span>J\/mol K<\/span><\/strong><span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Ponto de fus\u00e3o dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/melting-point-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108050 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Metling-Point-300x183.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Ponto de Fus\u00e3o\" width=\"300\" height=\"183\" \/><\/a><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Condutividade T\u00e9rmica dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/thermal-conductivity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108055 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Thermal-Conductivity-300x180.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Condutividade T\u00e9rmica\" width=\"300\" height=\"180\" \/><\/a><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div  class=\"lgc-column lgc-grid-parent lgc-grid-33 lgc-tablet-grid-33 lgc-mobile-grid-100 lgc-equal-heights \"><div  class=\"inside-grid-column\">\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><span>Capacidade de Calor dos Materiais<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/heat-capacity-of-materials\/\"><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-108063 size-medium\" src=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/02\/Material-Table-Heat-Capacity-300x179.png\" alt=\"Tabela de Materiais - Capacidade de Calor\" width=\"300\" height=\"179\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h3 style=\"text-align: center;\"><\/h3>\n<p><span><\/span><\/p><\/div><\/div> <div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:25px 0;border-width:3px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span>Propriedades e pre\u00e7os de outros materiais<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span>tabela de materiais em resolu\u00e7\u00e3o de 8k<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span><div class=\"su-divider su-divider-style-dotted\" style=\"margin:20px 0;border-width:2px;border-color:#999999\"><\/div><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sobre o Gelo O gelo \u00e9 simplesmente \u00e1gua congelada em estado s\u00f3lido.\u00a0Dependendo da presen\u00e7a de impurezas, como part\u00edculas de solo ou bolhas de ar, pode parecer transparente ou uma cor branco-azulada mais ou menos opaca.\u00a0 Resumo Nome Gelo Est\u00e1gio s\u00f3lido Densidade 920 kg\/m3 Resist\u00eancia \u00e0 tra\u00e7\u00e3o 2 MPa For\u00e7a de rendimento N\/D M\u00f3dulo de elasticidade &#8230; <a title=\"Gelo &#8211; Tabela de Materiais &#8211; Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es &#8211; Pre\u00e7o\" class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/material-properties.org\/pt-br\/gelo-tabela-de-materiais-aplicacoes-preco\/\">Ler mais&#8230;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[4],"tags":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v21.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Gelo | Propriedades, Pre\u00e7o e Aplica\u00e7\u00e3o | Propriedades do Material<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Gelo - Aplica\u00e7\u00f5es - Pre\u00e7o. 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