What is Steel and Stainless Steel in Powder Metallurgy - Definition

Low alloy ferrous powder metallurgy materials are predominant in the Press/Sinter structural parts sector. In the automotive sector, which consumes about 80% of structural PM part production. Stainless steels can be also processed via powder metallurgy.

Powder metallurgy (PM) is a growing and rappidly evolving branch of metallurgy based on the production of materials in the form of metal powders and the manufacturing of parts from these materials. Powder metallurgy processes can avoid, or greatly reduce, the need to use metal removal processes, thereby drastically reducing yield losses in manufacture and often resulting in lower costs. The primary market for metal powder is for complex parts manufactured by various PM technologies.

Powder metallurgy is also used to make unique materials impossible to get from melting or forming in other ways. For example, tungsten carbide (WC), which is used extensively in mining in top hammer rock drill bits, downhole hammers, and many more applications, is made by powder metallurgy.

Steel and Stainless Steel in Powder Metallurgy

Materials for powder metallurgy covers a very extensive range of applications. Examples of materials, that are processed via powder metallurgy, are:

Iron/steel. Low alloy ferrous powder metallurgy materials are predominant in the Press/Sinter structural parts sector. In the automotive sector, which consumes about 80% of structural PM part production, the reason for choosing PM is, in the majority of cases, an economic one. Ultra-high-carbon steel has approximately 1.25–2.0% carbon content. Steels that can be tempered to great hardness. This grade of steel could be used for hard steel products, such as truck springs, metal cutting tools and other special purposes like (non-industrial-purpose) knives, axles or punches. Most steels with more than 2.5% carbon content are made using powder metallurgy.
Stainless steels. Stainless steels can be also processed via powder metallurgy. A range of AISI 300 and 400 series stainless steels are available in powder form. Also, many types of blade steels are produced by powder metallurgy. The precipitation hardening stainless steel grade, AISI 17-4 PH is also frequently used in MIM (metal injection moulding) products. Of all of the available stainless grades, 17-4 PH steel generally offer the greatest combination of high strength coupled with excellent toughness and corrosion resistance. They are as corrosion resistant as austenitic grades. Common uses are in the aerospace and some other high-technology industries.

References:

Materials Science:

U.S. Department of Energy, Material Science. DOE Fundamentals Handbook, Volume 1 and 2. January 1993.
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J. R. Lamarsh, A. J. Baratta, Introduction to Nuclear Engineering, 3d ed., Prentice-Hall, 2001, ISBN: 0-201-82498-1.

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Metallurgy

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