Titanium and Vanadium - Comparison - Properties

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of titanium and vanadium, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Titanium vs Vanadium.

titanium and vanadium - comparison

Compare titanium with another element

Compare vanadium with another element

Titanium and Vanadium – About Elements

Titanium

Titanium is a lustrous transition metal with a silver color, low density, and high strength. Titanium is resistant to corrosion in sea water, aqua regia, and chlorine. Titanium can be used in surface condensers. These condensers use tubes that are usually made of stainless steel, copper alloys, or titanium depending on several selection criteria (such as thermal conductivity or corrosion resistance). Titanium condenser tubes are usually the best technical choice, however titanium is very expensive material and the use of titanium condenser tubes is associated with very high initial costs.

Vanadium

Vanadium is a hard, silvery grey, ductile, and malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer (passivation) stabilizes the free metal somewhat against further oxidation.

Titanium in Periodic Table

Vanadium in Periodic Table

Source: www.luciteria.com

Titanium and Vanadium – Applications

Titanium

The two most useful properties of the metal are corrosion resistance and strength-to-density ratio, the highest of any metallic element. The corrosion resistance of titanium alloys at normal temperatures is unusually high. These properties determine application of titanium and its alloys. The earliest production application of titanium was in 1952, for the nacelles and firewalls of the Douglas DC-7 airliner. High specific strength, good fatigue resistance and creep life, and good fracture toughness are characteristics that make titanium a preferred metal for aerospace applications. Aerospace applications, including use in both structural (airframe) components and jet engines, still account for the largest share of titanium alloy use. On the supersonic aircraft SR-71, titanium was used for 85% of the structure. Due to very high inertness, titanium has many biomedical applications, which is based on its inertness in the human body, that is, resistance to corrosion by body fluids.

Vanadium

Vanadium is mainly used to produce specialty steel alloys such as high-speed tool steels, and some aluminium alloys. Vanadium is generally added to steel to inhibit grain growth during heat treatment. In controlling grain growth, it improves both the strength and toughness of hardened and tempered steels. Vanadium is added to promote abrasion resistance and to produce hard and stable carbides which being only partly soluble, release little carbon into the matrix. The most important industrial vanadium compound, vanadium pentoxide, is used as a catalyst for the production of sulfuric acid. The vanadium redox battery for energy storage may be an important application in the future.

Titanium and Vanadium – Comparison in Table

Element	Titanium	Vanadium
Density	4.507 g/cm3	6.11 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength	434 MPa, 293 MPa (pure)	800 MPa
Yield Strength	380 MPa	770 MPa
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity	116 GPa	128 GPa
Mohs Scale	6	6.7
Brinell Hardness	700 – 2700 MPa	650 MPa
Vickers Hardness	800 – 3400 MPa	630 MPa
Melting Point	1668 °C	1910 °C
Boiling Point	3287 °C	3407 °C
Thermal Conductivity	21.9 W/mK	30.7 W/mK
Thermal Expansion Coefficient	8.6 µm/mK	8.4 µm/mK
Specific Heat	0.52 J/g K	0.49 J/g K
Heat of Fusion	15.45 kJ/mol	20.9 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization	421 kJ/mol	0.452 kJ/mol