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Iodine and Caesium – Comparison – Properties

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of iodine and caesium, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Iodine vs Caesium.

iodine and caesium - comparison

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Iodine - Properties - Price - Applications - Production

Iodine and Caesium – About Elements

Iodine

Iodine is the heaviest of the stable halogens, it exists as a lustrous, purple-black metallic solid at standard conditions that sublimes readily to form a violet gas. Iodine is the least abundant of the stable halogens, being the sixty-first most abundant element. It is even less abundant than the so-called rare earths. It is the heaviest essential mineral nutrient.

Caesium

Caesium is a soft, silvery-gold alkali metal with a melting point of 28.5 °C, which makes it one of only five elemental metals that are liquid at or near room temperature. Caesium has physical and chemical properties similar to those of rubidium and potassium.

Iodine in Periodic Table

Caesium in Periodic Table

Source: www.luciteria.com

Iodine and Caesium – Applications

Iodine

In addition to nutrition products, iodine and iodine derivatives are used in a wide range of medical, agricultural, and industrial applications. About half of all produced iodine goes into various organoiodine compounds, another 15% remains as the pure element, another 15% is used to form potassium iodide, and another 15% for other inorganic iodine compounds. The leading application is in the production of X-ray contrast media (22%). Iodine’s high atomic number and density make it ideally suited for this application, as its presence in the body can help to increase contrast between tissues, organs, and blood vessels with similar X-ray densities. It is used as an antiseptic for external wounds. Another application driving the demand for iodine is in polarizing film in liquidcrystal display (LCD) screens.

Caesium

The largest present-day use of nonradioactive caesium is in caesium formate drilling fluids for the extractive oil industry. They are also used to make special optical glass, as a catalyst promoter, in vacuum tubes and in radiation monitoring equipment. One of its most important uses is in the ‘caesium clock’ (atomic clock). These clocks are a vital part of the internetand mobile phone networks, as well as Global Positioning System (GPS) satellites. Caesium-137 is a radioisotope commonly used as a gamma-emitter in industrial applications.

Iodine and Caesium – Comparison in Table

Element Iodine Caesium
Density 4.94 g/cm 1.879 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength N/A N/A
Yield Strength N/A N/A
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity N/A 1.7 GPa
Mohs Scale N/A 0.2
Brinell Hardness N/A 0.14 MPa
Vickers Hardness N/A N/A
Melting Point 113.5 °C 28.4 °C
Boiling Point 184 °C 669 °C
Thermal Conductivity 0.449 W/mK 36 W/mK
Thermal Expansion Coefficient N/A 97 µm/mK
Specific Heat 0.214 J/g K 0.24 J/g K
Heat of Fusion 7.824 kJ/mol 2.092 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization 20.752 kJ/mol 67.74 kJ/mol