Chlorine and Bromine - Comparison - Properties

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of chlorine and bromine, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Chlorine vs Bromine.

chlorine and bromine - comparison

Compare chlorine with another element

Compare bromine with another element

Chlorine and Bromine – About Elements

Chlorine

Chlorine is a yellow-green gas at room temperature. It is an extremely reactive element and a strong oxidising agent: among the elements, it has the highest electron affinity and the third-highest electronegativity, behind only oxygen and fluorine.

Bromine

Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas. Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine.

Chlorine in Periodic Table

Bromine in Periodic Table

Source: www.luciteria.com

Chlorine and Bromine – Applications

Chlorine

Chlorine is used in the manufacture of a wide range of consumer products, about two-thirds of them organic chemicals such as polyvinyl chloride (PVC), many intermediates for the production of plastics, and other end products which do not contain the element. As a common disinfectant, elemental chlorine and chlorine-generating compounds are used more directly in swimming pools to keep them sanitary. While perhaps best known for its role in providing clean drinking water, chlorine chemistry also helps provide energy-efficient building materials, electronics, fiber optics, solar energy cells, 93 percent of life-saving pharmaceuticals, 86 percent of crop protection compounds, medical plastics, and much more.

Bromine

A wide variety of organobromine compounds are used in industry. Some are prepared from bromine and others are prepared from hydrogen bromide, which is obtained by burning hydrogen in bromine. Brominated flame retardants represent a commodity of growing importance, and make up the largest commercial use of bromine. One of the major uses of bromine is a water purifier/disinfectant, as an alternative to chlorine. Bromine compounds are effective pesticides, used both as soil fumigants in agriculture, particularly fruit-growing, and as a fumigant to prevent pests from attacking stored grain and other produce.

Chlorine and Bromine – Comparison in Table

Element	Chlorine	Bromine
Density	0.0032 g/cm3	3.12 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength	N/A	N/A
Yield Strength	N/A	N/A
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity	N/A	N/A
Mohs Scale	N/A	N/A
Brinell Hardness	N/A	N/A
Vickers Hardness	N/A	N/A
Melting Point	-101 °C	-7.3 °C
Boiling Point	-34.6 °C	59 °C
Thermal Conductivity	0.0089 W/mK	0.122 W/mK
Thermal Expansion Coefficient	N/A	N/A
Specific Heat	0.48 J/g K	0.473 J/g K
Heat of Fusion	3.23 kJ/mol	5.286 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization	10.2 kJ/mol	15.438 kJ/mol