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Lithium and Cadmium – Comparison – Properties

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of lithium and cadmium, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Lithium vs Cadmium.

lithium and cadmium - comparison

Compare lithium with another element

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Compare cadmium with another element

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Lithium and Cadmium – About Elements

Lithium

It is a soft, silvery-white alkali metal. Under standard conditions, it is the lightest metal and the lightest solid element. Like all alkali metals, lithium is highly reactive and flammable, and is stored in mineral oil.

Cadmium

Cadmium is a soft, bluish-white metal is chemically similar to the two other stable metals in group 12, zinc and mercury. In nuclear industry cadmium is commonly used as a thermal neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorption cross-section of 113Cd. 113Cd has specific absorption cross-section.

Lithium in Periodic Table

Cadmium in Periodic Table

Source: www.luciteria.com

Lithium and Cadmium – Applications

Lithium

Lithium has many applications, from lubricating grease, alloying additions in particular for aluminium and magnesium alloys, to glazes for ceramics, and finally, lithium batteries. In particular, lithium is and will continue to play an increasingly important role in the battery-powered clean air future. Lithium batteries are widely used in portable consumer electronic devices, and in electric vehicles ranging from full sized vehicles to radio controlled toys. The term “lithium battery” refers to a family of different lithium-metal chemistries, comprising many types of cathodes and electrolytes but all with metallic lithium as the anode.

Cadmium

Cadmium is primarily consumed for the production of rechargeable nickel cadmium batteries. In 2009, 86% of cadmium was used in batteries, predominantly in rechargeable nickel-cadmium batteries. Other end uses include pigments, coatings and plating, and as stabilizers for plastics. Solar cell manufacturing may become another significant market for cadmium in the future. In nuclear industry cadmium is commonly used as a thermal neutron absorber due to very high neutron absorption cross-section of 113Cd. 113Cd has specific absorption cross-section.

Lithium and Cadmium – Comparison in Table

Element Lithium Cadmium
Density 0.535 g/cm3 8.65 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength 1.5 MPa 75 MPa
Yield Strength N/A N/A
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity 4.9 GPa 50 GPa
Mohs Scale 0.6 2
Brinell Hardness 5 MPa 203 MPa
Vickers Hardness N/A N/A
Melting Point 180.5 °C 321.07 °C
Boiling Point 1342 °C 767 °C
Thermal Conductivity 85 W/mK 97 W/mK
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 46 µm/mK 30.8 µm/mK
Specific Heat 3.6 J/g K 0.23 J/g K
Heat of Fusion 3 kJ/mol 6.192 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization 145.92 kJ/mol 99.57 kJ/mol