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Carbon and Bromine – Comparison – Properties

This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of carbon and bromine, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Carbon vs Bromine.

carbon and bromine - comparison

Compare carbon with another element

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Bromine - Properties - Price - Applications - Production

Compare bromine with another element

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Carbon and Bromine – About Elements

Carbon

It is nonmetallic and tetravalent—making four electrons available to form covalent chemical bonds. Carbon is one of the few elements known since antiquity. Carbon is the 15th most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, and the fourth most abundant element in the universe by mass after hydrogen, helium, and oxygen.

Bromine

Bromine is the third-lightest halogen, and is a fuming red-brown liquid at room temperature that evaporates readily to form a similarly coloured gas. Its properties are thus intermediate between those of chlorine and iodine.

Carbon in Periodic Table

Bromine in Periodic Table

Source: www.luciteria.com

Carbon and Bromine – Applications

Carbon

The major economic use of carbon other than food and wood is in the form of hydrocarbons, most notably the fossil fuel methane gas and crude oil (petroleum). Graphite and diamonds are two important allotropes of carbon that have wide applications. The uses of carbon and its compounds are extremely varied. It can form alloys with iron, of which the most common is carbon steel. Carbon is a non-metallic element, which is an important alloying element in all ferrous metal based materials. Carbon is always present in metallic alloys, i.e. in all grades of stainless steel and heat resistant alloys. Carbon is a very strong austenitizer and increases the strength of steel. In fact, it is the principal hardening element and is essential to the formation of cementite, Fe3C, pearlite, spheroidite, and iron-carbon martensite. Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron trades its great ductility for the greater strength. Graphite is combined with clays to form the ‘lead’ used in pencils used for writing and drawing. It is also used as a lubricant and a pigment, as a molding material in glass manufacture, in electrodes for dry batteries and in electroplating and electroforming, in brushes for electric motors and as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors. Charcoal has been used since earliest times for a large range of purposes including art and medicine, but by far its most important use has been as a metallurgical fuel. Carbon fibers are used where low weight, high stiffness, high conductivity, or where the look of the carbon fiber weave desired.

Bromine

A wide variety of organobromine compounds are used in industry. Some are prepared from bromine and others are prepared from hydrogen bromide, which is obtained by burning hydrogen in bromine. Brominated flame retardants represent a commodity of growing importance, and make up the largest commercial use of bromine. One of the major uses of bromine is a water purifier/disinfectant, as an alternative to chlorine. Bromine compounds are effective pesticides, used both as soil fumigants in agriculture, particularly fruit-growing, and as a fumigant to prevent pests from attacking stored grain and other produce.

Carbon and Bromine – Comparison in Table

Element Carbon Bromine
Density 2.26 g/cm3 3.12 g/cm3
Ultimate Tensile Strength 15 MPa (graphite); 3500 MPa (carbon fiber) N/A
Yield Strength N/A N/A
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity 4.1 GPa (graphite); 228 GPa (carbon fiber) N/A
Mohs Scale 0.8 (graphite) N/A
Brinell Hardness N/A N/A
Vickers Hardness N/A N/A
Melting Point 4099 °C -7.3 °C
Boiling Point 4527 °C 59 °C
Thermal Conductivity 129 W/mK 0.122 W/mK
Thermal Expansion Coefficient 0.8 µm/mK N/A
Specific Heat 0.71 J/g K 0.473 J/g K
Heat of Fusion N/A 5.286 kJ/mol
Heat of Vaporization 355.8 kJ/mol 15.438 kJ/mol