This article contains comparison of key thermal and atomic properties of carbon and bromine, two comparable chemical elements from the periodic table. It also contains basic descriptions and applications of both elements. Carbon vs Bromine.
Carbon and Bromine – About Elements
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Carbon and Bromine – Applications
Carbon
The major economic use of carbon other than food and wood is in the form of hydrocarbons, most notably the fossil fuel methane gas and crude oil (petroleum). Graphite and diamonds are two important allotropes of carbon that have wide applications. The uses of carbon and its compounds are extremely varied. It can form alloys with iron, of which the most common is carbon steel. Carbon is a non-metallic element, which is an important alloying element in all ferrous metal based materials. Carbon is always present in metallic alloys, i.e. in all grades of stainless steel and heat resistant alloys. Carbon is a very strong austenitizer and increases the strength of steel. In fact, it is the principal hardening element and is essential to the formation of cementite, Fe3C, pearlite, spheroidite, and iron-carbon martensite. Adding a small amount of non-metallic carbon to iron trades its great ductility for the greater strength. Graphite is combined with clays to form the ‘lead’ used in pencils used for writing and drawing. It is also used as a lubricant and a pigment, as a molding material in glass manufacture, in electrodes for dry batteries and in electroplating and electroforming, in brushes for electric motors and as a neutron moderator in nuclear reactors. Charcoal has been used since earliest times for a large range of purposes including art and medicine, but by far its most important use has been as a metallurgical fuel. Carbon fibers are used where low weight, high stiffness, high conductivity, or where the look of the carbon fiber weave desired.
Bromine
A wide variety of organobromine compounds are used in industry. Some are prepared from bromine and others are prepared from hydrogen bromide, which is obtained by burning hydrogen in bromine. Brominated flame retardants represent a commodity of growing importance, and make up the largest commercial use of bromine. One of the major uses of bromine is a water purifier/disinfectant, as an alternative to chlorine. Bromine compounds are effective pesticides, used both as soil fumigants in agriculture, particularly fruit-growing, and as a fumigant to prevent pests from attacking stored grain and other produce.
Carbon and Bromine – Comparison in Table
Element | Carbon | Bromine |
Density | 2.26 g/cm3 | 3.12 g/cm3 |
Ultimate Tensile Strength | 15 MPa (graphite); 3500 MPa (carbon fiber) | N/A |
Yield Strength | N/A | N/A |
Young’s Modulus of Elasticity | 4.1 GPa (graphite); 228 GPa (carbon fiber) | N/A |
Mohs Scale | 0.8 (graphite) | N/A |
Brinell Hardness | N/A | N/A |
Vickers Hardness | N/A | N/A |
Melting Point | 4099 °C | -7.3 °C |
Boiling Point | 4527 °C | 59 °C |
Thermal Conductivity | 129 W/mK | 0.122 W/mK |
Thermal Expansion Coefficient | 0.8 µm/mK | N/A |
Specific Heat | 0.71 J/g K | 0.473 J/g K |
Heat of Fusion | N/A | 5.286 kJ/mol |
Heat of Vaporization | 355.8 kJ/mol | 15.438 kJ/mol |